| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立東華大學 === 自然資源與環境學系 === 101 === Every country has developed rice planting methods and insect pest management. Rice planting methods and pest management strategies in Taiwan and Indonesia was reviewed to gather current information concerning rice planting methods and development of sustainable management strategies. By optimizing these aspects, farmers can obtain optimal production of their crop. Interviews and website reviews are the methods used to get more information about rice farming and pest management in both countries. Taiwan has developed superior rice varieties in different counties. Using natural fertilizers and organic fertilizers are commonly applied by Taiwanese rice farmers. The benefit of organic fertilizer is to provide nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium as naturally without using urea, ammonium sulfate, or super phosphate as chemical fertilizer. Interview results showed that there were no greatly differences between rice planting methods in Indonesia and Taiwan. Both countries use transplanting method for rice planting. Tractors are commonly used for land preparation. Integrated crop management is the common method that applied by Indonesian farmers. Using superior rice varieties that resistant to the pest is one concept of integrated crop management. Natural fertilizers and organic pesticides are the way for reducing chemical residues in ecosystems. Using chemical fertilizer is the last choice for controlling pest population. Reviewed agriculture websites in both countries shows that many information about chemical pesticides, especially registered chemical pesticides by council of agriculture. The limitation of this study is on study sites. The numbers of study sites of both countries are around six study sites. By searching agriculture websites, the general information of rice planting methods and insect pest management in Taiwan and Indonesia can be solved and described. Transition agriculture from conventional to organic is a program that still continues in Taiwan and Indonesia. Cultural control is the best pest management in the future. The goals of applying superior rice varieties (by rice breeding) and transition from conventional to organic are for increasing rice quality and quantity and keeping environmental balances.
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