| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立高雄師範大學 === 華語文教學研究所 === 101 === The purpose of this study is to investigate the structure of a word network consisting a collection of Chinese compound words with the same morpheme yī (yī+X and X+yī), in which any words are connected to each other by various kinds of semantic relevance. In the research process, firstly, the researcher summarized its meaning from two reliable Chinese dictionaries Hanyu Da Cidian and Chong Bian Guoyu Cidian, and used a concept map as a tool to show the systematic relations between the senses of yi. The cognitive linguistic theory was used to explain its semantic evolution and a sense network model of the polysemous word yī. Next, the researcher collected compound words yī+X and X+yī from Practical Audio-visual Chinese, Far East Everyday Chinese, Taiguoren Xue Hanyu. The number of words which occur in these Chinese books is 20. Word structure analysis and semantic transparency estimation are the ways to find out the relationships among yī, yī+X and X+yī is.
The results show that the ambiguity of the individual word yī can be used in different contexts to express two or more different meanings. All of them are directly or indirectly derived from its original meaning. From a view of cognitive linguistics, we can see that the most striking types of semantic change is triggered by metaphor. In the course of metaphorical processes in which the source domain corresponds to the target domain, a mapping across different domains of yī has been developed along the following path, which is unidirectional: person (indicating the number of people) > object (indicating the number of things) > activity (indicating the frequency of actions) > space (indicating any actions in a short time) > time (indicating a very short time) > quality (indicating the same). It proceeds from left to right and can be defined in terms of metaphorical abstraction, where a given category is more abstract than any other category to its left and less abstract than anything to its right. After yī turning to be a morpheme of compound words yī+X and X+yī, the semantic changes can be classified into three types: (1) the word meaning the compound is transparent; that is, yī keeps its core meaning, such as yīxiē, yīyuè, wéiyī; (2) the word meaning is stressed on the second morpheme, and the meaning of yi turns to be opaque and merely emphasizes the whole word meaning, such as yīdìng, yīgòng, yīlián; (3) the two morphemes are combined to form a word compound and their meanings are extended to other meanings based on their similarity, which is known as metaphoric extension, and thus the compound meaning is completely different from the literal meaning, such as yīyàng, yīwèi, yīxiàng.
Since the results of the study show that the structure of a word network of yī, yī+X and X+yī is quite similar to the cognitive structures, the researcher designs some teaching techniques based on human cognition and applies them to teaching Chinese lexicon for Thai students.
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