| Summary: | 博士 === 國立雲林科技大學 === 設計學研究所博士班 === 101 === The research is based on the registration information of census record established by Japanese during Japanese Colonial Period (1895-1945), which takes the occasion of Architectural craftsman in Chiayi City during 1905-1940 as the main stress of study. The research mastered the economical development and culture relevant historical events in the study area by means of analyzing the literature review, as well as conducted the induction and deduction of the occupational activity for architectural craftsman in Chiayi city through the census material obtained by the research. It induced the labor living tread of architectural craftsman in Chiayi City in Japanese Colonial Period by means of filed investigation, interview in ancestral hometown and study on the ethnography for exploring the issues of cluster, labor living and migration of architectural craftsman influenced by the industry. The registered content in census data established by Japanese covers completed records of migration, lodging etc. The analysis of the research is in accordance with the “occupational” registrations and records of population migration from Japan, China, domestic of Taiwan, it constructed the migration and occupational activity of architectural craftsman in Chiayi City based on the local development on forestry of Alishan by the time flame of period of Meiji, Taisho, and Showa.
As a whole, the craft of architectural craftsman in Chiayi City was still maintained with the traditional family heritage and father instructing son. However, symbiotic heritage manner of ancestral hometown and small group generated after moving the residence to Chiayi city, turning to the symbiosis of “common residence” from the symbiosis of identical clansman in past. Next, according to the transient labor living jobs for the craftsman who moved to Chiayi city, it showed that 50% of the population then engaging in Forestry since 1912 (Taisho year 1) in the forestry of Alishan based on the generalization on the population structure of forestry metropolis as Chiayi City. Further, the population of migrated architectural craftsman occupied 20% of the total population of forestry with clustering in the same residence. Their residence mainly clustered in the “Ron Street” ,”Yuan Street”, “Beimen Street” etc., in the surrounding of “Kai Street”, and it presented a combinative result of race, life and ancestral hometown from the distribution appearance of lodging clustering area; same as the each tribe in the phenomenon of development. Nevertheless, it is still more distinct with the display on craft heritage resulted from the strong domination of clansman on the section of the development record of craftsman from China somehow. Besides, it is conspicuous that the number of registering craftsman from the district of “Fuzhou China” with more new thread districts compared to the general conception or literature.
The research proposed the migration phenomenon of craftsman during 1905-1940, it coordinated the occupational activities of architectural craftsman in Chiayi city and presented the analysis on the research result of relations in clansman, coming from the same hometown, common residence, and inheritance of master in accordance with the analysis on the census record. The conclusion of the research covers the followings:
1. It retraced the profile of employment for the architectural craftsman in Chiayi City during Japanese Colonial Period as well as the activity records of alien tribe engaging in the architectural industry and clustering in Chiayi city through the detailed information according to the census record.
2. Owing to the development of forestry and construction activity of Chiayi city, it derived the considerable needs of manpower and constituted the factor of increasing local craftsman progressively.
3. It has intimate connection of development between the clustering of architecture craftsman in Chiayi and forestry industry. Due to the natural disaster and war, it impelled the re-planning and re-position of Chiayi city, which indirectly affected the alternation on the manner of cluster and labor living of architectural craftsman.
The Research induced each periods of influencing the clustering and labor living of architecture craftsman, which divides into five periods with various factors as below: “Major Earthquake of Chiayi” in 1906 (Meiji year 39), a planning period for the reconstruction; “The whole line connected in Taiwan North-South Bound Railway in 1908 (Meiji year 41), the convenient period thanks to transportation; “Chiayi Alishan Railway” formally went into operation in 1912 (Taisho year 1); the industrial and commercial period of forestry development, ;“Innovation on Metropolis Modernization” in1920 (Taisho year 9); Chiayi Street Autonomous Group was formed accordingly; altering to Chiayi City due to failing to set up prefecture in1930 (Showa year 5), all affecting the alternation of labor living manners of architecture craftsman. As the social factor and development reconstruction leaded to the clustering of craftsman, it generated migration, activity and architectural construction events from the alien tribe of architectural craftsman of Taiwan, China, and Japan engaging themselves in Chiayi City.
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