| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 中國文學系 === 102 === SUMMARY
“Yuan Dao” the dao body mainly for the ontology elaboration, the natural elaboration, the essential elaboration, is a multi-dimensional combination theory system.Its content: （1） has characteristic of the nature.（2） includes the strong humanities.（3） emphasis classics and sage's function.4, advocated can pass the standpoint which changes suitably.
The meaning of dao essence theory has an effect in the creation of rhetoric using and is primarily based upon the quality of nature, the quality of authoritativeuidance, and the principle of change. Furthermore, he does not separate literary genre and dao essence theory, but combines both concepts, to allow dao essence theory to be placed into the writing of literary genre.
This allows the author’s feeling and aspirations to congeal with the essence of literary genre and conform with the natural principle of creativity.
The origin of each literary genre is interrelated with the Five Classics, allowing the use of literary genre to conform with the Classics.Last is the rhetorical conception of literary genre and form, which must undergo the author’s change of literary diction to complete.
INTRODUCTION
“Yuan Dao” in Wenxin diaolong (Literary Mind and the Carving of Dragons) is an important metaphysical concept in Liu Xie’s theoretical and interpretive process, thus acting as a core for the support of theoretical structures. This metaphysical concept allows his literary theory to be investigated more deeply. Liu absorbed previous the results of previous philosophical thinking and mastered them through comprehensive study—to then create a theory of dao essence and system of self.
The meaning of dao essence theory is not merely a metaphysical concept of philosophy, for it possesses in the entirety of literary theory an original principle. Even though it is used as rhetoric in writing, it still has its function.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Through greater textual exploration and analysis, it can be seen that Liu Xie’s dao essence theory does not only deliberate on the “yuan dao” chapter, but in fact, the chapters pertaining to the origin of wen such as “yuan dao,” “zheng sheng,” “zong jing,” “zheng wei,” and “bian sao,” all act to construct important chapters of his dao essence theory; only by a comprehensive analysis can we understand the dao essence theory in its entirety.
Liu Xie absorbed previous the results of previous philosophical thinking and mastered them through comprehensive study—to then create a theory of dao essence and system of self. His dao essence theory, primarily elucidates the question of being, which is interrelated with Wang Bi’s philosophical thinking. As a figure living in the turbulent Six Dynasties Era, Liu Xie the universally accepted discourse on the natural, of which is one of the characteristics of the dao essence concept. By understanding dao essence in Wenxin diaolong, we can master its substance, which continues the cognitive traditions of Dong Zhongshu philosophical thinking, Yi zhuan, as well as Ruan Ji’s Heaven and Humanity relationship. From these points of analysis, we can be sure that Liu Xie’s dao essence theory is a theoretical system of diverse synthesis and is not limited to any school or system of thought. This is what we need to master the literature.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The meaning of dao essence theory has an effect in the creation of rhetoric using and is primarily based upon the quality of nature, the quality of authoritative guidance, and the principle of change. The principle of nature points to a creative method and position based on “acting on the external from the internal” (you nei er wai), “writing from the mind” (wei wen yong xin), “confluence of feeling and essence” (qing zhi xiangfu). This position conforms with the patterns of the dao essence theory and is an unchanging principle in the creative process. Thus, the use of rhetoric in the creative process must be in accordance with this position, to then not violate the dao essence. On the other hand, it may be changed into an overly ornate and decorated style that was criticized by Liu Xie. The use of rhetoric is also regulated by authoritative guidance. This authoritative guidance is, simply put, the classics; it can be termed the spirit of zong jing (“Elevating the Classics”). The authority of Zong jing exists as a model of classics. It is the paragon of natural writing that is exemplified as “to speak the mind and speak through literature” (dao xin er dao wen). Through the function of human culture, it gains status in its original meaning. Classics act as the fountainhead of literary genre. It is also the origin of creativition, which makes it necessary for the function of rhetoric to reach back logically into the source of the classics. The principle of change points to the necessary tendencies toward development in literature. Fixed and unchanged, literature will remain stagnant, and thus the way of literature will fail to epitomize the way of the mind. “Zheng wei” and “Qu sao” precisely echo this type of positioning in chapter and topic. In emphasizing the natural way and the authority of the classics, it magnifies the rationalizing and necessity of changing diction, to then allow writing to continue acclimating to different periods, authors, and topics.
CONCLUSION
Liu Xie contemplates deeply in his investigation of literary genre. In this process, he arranges specific writing methods and rhetoric usage. Furthermore, he does not separate literary genre and dao essence theory, but combines both concepts, to allow dao essence theory to be placed into the writing of literary genre. From this, he constructs his theoretical framework. The driving principle of literary genre is in its construction process, which follows the pattern of creating literature through true feeling. This allows the author’s feeling and aspirations to congeal with the essence of literary genre and conform with the natural principle of creativity. The origin of each literary genre is interrelated with the Five Classics, allowing the use of literary genre to conform with the Classics. Here, there are six series of literary genres, which can be categorized as a combination of the Five Classics and Chu ci as origins, and match both literary diction style. Last is the rhetorical conception of literary genre and form, which must undergo the author’s change of literary diction to complete. This allows the expressive forms to possess different possibilities. Furthermore, in regards to the usage of literary diction in literary genres, no matter what genre, its diction will still need to follow models of the natural principle, elevation of the Classics, and the principle of change. Creative rhetoric perpetually needs a kind of method that reaches out externally from an internal source, to then conform with the language of the author’s emotions and breadth of mind. Any creation must still return to the source of wen—Classics, and the allusion to ancient times as the method of writing. Liu Xie follows this method and arranges the Six Meanings of the Elevated Classics for later generations, to become a functional principle for any creative rhetoric. Furthermore, the individual, groups, and generations are all factors that influence creativity. The author’s personal talent, feeling, learning, habits, and the period in which he lived all become the creative impetus of the author. In addition, it is the fountainhead in which he acts internally on the external, as well as write from true emotion. This will naturally give his expression a rich and diverse literary style, which makes changing creative rhetoric absolutely necessary. Since this congeals with the positions of the elevation of the Classics, the essence of literary genre, as well as historical tradition, creativity will then need to regulate and adapt to change.
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