| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 化學工程學系 === 102 === The rapid development of technology has pushed more demands in energy that is mainly supplied from fossil fuels. However, the extensive consumption of fossil energies not only leads to grave environmental problems, but also seriously affects human’s daily life and economic activities. Therefore, it is critical to realize the use of renewable energies. With biomass origins, bioethanol and biodiesel are promising alternative energies, worthy of being studied. Biodiesel is a mixture of alkyl esters, which is commonly produced by catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides in excess methanol. Addition of suitable catalyst in transesterification can significantly improve the reaction rate. In order to separate and recover the spent catalysts more easily, solid catalyst is chosen for the transesterification reaction. In this study, Zeolite MCM-22 is chosen as the catalyst in transesterification. Before transesterification reaction, it is necessary to modify zeolite MCM-22 by ion exchange method to increase its catalytic activity. Parameters which affect transesterification such as the alkali metal source, concentration, pH value and ion exchange time would be investigated. Moreover, the reaction conditions including the amount of catalyst and methanol, the reaction temperature, stirring rate, and the ratio of oleic acid would be also discussed. The conversion of triglycerides to biodiesel could reach 97.4% in 1 h in the presence of zeolite MCM-22 ion-exchanged with 10 wt%-eq. NaOH for 0.5 h. Catalytic performance of zeolite MCM-22 in transesterification still sustain good catalytic effect at least for three batch cycles.
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