| Summary: | 碩士 === 亞洲大學 === 生物科技學系 === 102 === Flammulia velutipes（FV）is one of the most common edible mushrooms in Taiwan. After removing the stipe of FV, it can eat directly by cooking. Meanwhile the stipe of FV is mostly discarded or served as fertilizer. Previous studies have showed that the discarded stipe of FV also contains polysaccharide ingredients, but their physiological activities remain elusive. In this thesis, the edible and the discarded stipe of FV were extracted by hot or cold water, and ethyl alcohol, following by assessing their anti-oxidant, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, and anti-atherosclerotic activities As demonstrated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability, chelating ferrous and the reducing power, we showed that both edible and discarded stipe of FV possess the anti-oxidant activity with a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, the hot water extracts of discarded stipe of FV has the highest total phenol content. On the other hands, neither edible parts nor discarded stipe of FV process the anti-bacterial ability. Regarding the anti-tumor activity, the extracts from both parts of FV were effective to inhibit prostate cancer cell (PC-3, DU145), bladder cancer cell (J82), glioma cell (C6), and liver cancer cell (Hep-GA) growth. Among the extraction solution, cold water and ethyl alcohol showed the highest inhibition effects on these tumor cell growths. However, the cytotoxic effects were detectable at high concentrations of ethyl alcohol extracts on normal liver FL83B cells. Moreover, the anti-viability and anti-proliferative effects of both edible and discarded stipe of FV were not detected in vascular smooth muscle A7r5 cells, except at high concentration of ethyl alcohol extracts. Furthermore, we also showed that both edible and discarded stipe of FV inhibit the adhesion, migration and invasion abilities, as well as the matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 activity on A7r5 cells, especially at cold water extracts. In summary, these results suggested that the discarded stipe of FV showed the similar anti-oxidant, anti-tumor and anti-atherosclerosis abilities to the edible parts. These results shed new lights on the application of the discarded stipe of FV.
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