| Summary: | 博士 === 中原大學 === 設計學博士學位學程 === 103 === The research is aimed on the crisis and different kind of resistance in rural areas of Yilan from 1980 to 2010, confronting the economic development under the condition from industrial-capitalism and post-industrial society.
Lanyang Plain was planned to develop mega energy-consuming industry in late 20th century, including Formosa Plastics Corp’s (FPC) sixth naphtha cracker complex. Without public support, this plan was opposed by the local government as well as the residents themselves. At the same time, another project, Su''ao thermal power plant, was refused too. These events arouse a series of environmental movements based on the public-private partnership, during six terms of Magistrate of Yilan County Government. Under the circumstances, many policies, projects were carried out while private forces were formed to reach the goal of “Green County”, which made Lanyang Plain still keep good quality of water, air, and rural environment before 21st Century. The environmental-friendly public constructions and localized cultural movements connected by “Comprehensive Community Building” projects made Yilan a huge contrast to Taipei metropolitan area.
In the early 21st Century, the opening of No. 5 National Highway eliminated the topographic obstacles between Taipei and Yilan. The post-industrial society evoked the transformation from traditional industry into cultural tourism industry, representing an era from rational alienation of industrial space into emotional localized cultural experiences. As a typical case for rural community under the impacts of industrial capitalism in Yilan, the residents’ everyday life in Baimi community had been dominated by mining industry in a long time. In late 20th Century, the community residents started to develop the ecological and cultural industry, they renovated unused space, and spoke out against the government policy concerning to their living environment. There was a big contrast between highly-industrialized development and the local people’s actions. The community is not just a representation of rational industry anymore, but the spatial production of the collective residents.
On the other hand, No. 5 National Highway and the amendment of Agricultural Development Act rapidly increased the amounts of rural land transaction and rural house construction. A great deal of rural land lost their existence value for agricultural production, but became commodity in the real estate market, while the society seemed to ignore the dissenting voices. Take Yutien community in Jiaoxi for instance, its living environment was affected by the wave of rural land commercialization, such as the high wall of gated villa, the privatization of landscape, and alienated neighborhood. Comparing to the semi-public space in front of traditional rural houses, the fracture in rural spatial system after the turning points mentioned above, causes all kinds of enclosure, heterogeneous phenomena nowadays.
The main problematics of this research are as follows :
1. The spatial production of enclavization under industrial capitalism from 1980 to 2010 raised environmental pollution issues, as well as local resistance. Though a large number of tourists came to the community due to the traffic convenience, the residents were also empowered by the community cultural industry to confront the industrialized space in their homeland. I chose Baimi community in Su''ao as a case study for cultural resistance in industrialized space.
2. After the amendment of Agricultural Development Act, a great deal of rural lands were released to the real estate market. The lands as commodity bring not only cash, but also the enclavization of rural area. I chose Yutien community in Jiaoxi as a case study for this argumentation.
There are three points discovered after the field research.
1. The spatial production differs in each social and economic structure. Under the condition of industrial capitalism and commercialization in the post-industrial society, a variety of forms regarding spatial enclavization and resistance were presented in Yilan.
2. In the post-industrial society, the communities were empowered not only to develop their own cultural industry, but also to resist against the spatial production of industrial capitalism. At the same time, the rural areas were in the crisis according to commercialization and enclavization.
3. The power of resistance is practiced in different aspects of democracy, environmental conservation, cultural identity, but the spatial resistance in the rural land is relatively weak. The analysis shows the citizen consciousness in Yilan, which has been active in political, ecological, and cultural points of view, but is still lack of cultivation of spatial consciousness so far.
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