| Summary: | 碩士 === 輔仁大學 === 護理學系碩士班 === 103 === Background: With the advancement of modern technology and medical care, children with congenital heart disease can usually survive into older ages. However, if the adolescents with congenital heart disease have enough knowledge of their disease and also have adequate family function support, they can develop a positive adjustment capability and bring up their own health-promoting behaviors, master and create their own health state to extend their life to adulthood. This will be an important issue for adolescents with congenital heart disease.
Purpose: This study aimed to explore and analyze the relationship between health-promoting behaviors and their related factors for adolescents with congenital heart disease.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional and descriptive correlation research design. Convenience sampling method was used by selecting 323 adolescents between ages 12-18 with mild, moderate or severe congenital heart disease in accordance with the research requirements from the outpatient departments of pediatric congenital cardiology in two of the medical centers in northern Taiwan. The data collected by this method was through a constructive questionnaire composed of six parts: (1) patients’ personal attributes questionnaire, (2) self-cognitive cardiac functional level scale, (3) Leuven Knowledge Questionnaire for Congenital Heart Disease (LKQCHD), (4) family APGAR scale, (5) Haase Adolescent Resilience in Illness Scale (HARIS), and (6) the Adolescent Health Promotion Scale (AHP). The collected data was then analyzed through the numerical and descriptive statistics, Pearson’s product-moment and Spearman rank order correlation coefficient, independent sample t test, Chi-square test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), Scheffe post hoc tests, and multiple linear regression analysis.
Results: Adolescents with mild congenital heart disease were significantly higher in the implementation of health-promoting behaviors than adolescents with moderate to severe congenital heart disease (P<.001). And boys were significantly higher in the implementation of health-promoting behaviors than girls for adolescents with mild congenital heart disease (p<.05). Overall, for adolescents with congenital heart disease, there was significant correlation among self-cognitive heart function, knowledge of disease, family function, resilience and health-promoting behaviors (P<.001). For adolescents with mild and moderate to severe congenital heart disease, there was significant correlation among knowledge of disease, family function, resilience and health-promoting behaviors respectively (P<.001). Through the multiple linear regression analysis, it found that the self-cognitive heart function, knowledge of disease, family function and resilience were the factors of influencing health-promoting behaviors for overall adolescent with congenital heart disease, which attained the explanation of variance up to 38.4%. The knowledge of disease, family function and resilience were the factors of influencing health-promoting behaviors for adolescent with mild congenital heart disease, which attained the explanation of variance to 30.4%. For adolescent with moderate to severe congenital heart disease, the family function and resilience were the factors of influencing health-promoting behaviors, which attained the explanation of variance up to 43.7%.
Conclusion: This study finds that better self-cognitive heart function, more sufficient knowledge of disease, higher family function and better resilience can conduct health-promoting behaviors better for adolescents with congenital heart disease. Personal internal resilience and external family function can all influence health-promoting behaviors for adolescent with mild and moderate to severe congenital heart disease. The mild patients with good heart function and no symptom need to strengthen the knowledge of disease. Furthermore, in the implementation of health-promoting behaviors for moderate to severe patients, it is needed to have the associated healthcare system actively involved in order to prevent the occurrence of future complications.
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