Application of Smart Material in Interactive Architecture

• Main Authors: Yung-ShengLin, 林永盛
• Other Authors: Tay-Sheng Jeng
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2015
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26982907694975302399

碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 建築學系 === 103 === Exteded Abstract Application of Smart Material in Interactive Architecture Author’s Name:Yung-Sheng Lin Advisor’s Name:Tay-sheng Jeng The Department of Arctecture in National Cheng Kung University SUMMARY Confronting the worsen change from global circumstance and climate change year after year, the dynamics and responsibility of building would become a necessary development trend. It would be a good chances for building to adopt with its surroundings. When the application of material with intellectual concept, It would be an opportunity to thinking about the essence of material. Therefore, material is not only a single and unchangeable object, but also combines with information transmission. The performance of self-perception and automatic drive differ from the traditional approach that drive the actuator and mechanical structure automatically by additional intellectual system in practicing the effect that can response the environment. The study try to simplify the discussion about the essence of building material and the possibilities of application about intelligent material in building. The subject of study is focus principally on electroactive polymer due to the instructive project from Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETHZ). The concept of study raises the interactive strategy to environment involve by soft building machines constructed with EAP in sustainable issue. The concept of soft machine which integrating the computing control system with intelligent material and soft machine system.It allows EAP can to be alive as dynamic rhythms in nature, and to reconcile the connectivity of human habitat and environmental context with the intervening of soft machines to achieve further goal of nature self-repairing. Key words: Soft machine of architecture, Electro-active polymer, Smart material INTRODUCTION Facing highly developed technology and climate change year after year, the dynamics and responsibility of building would become a necessary development trend in order to cope with both internal and external environment. It would be a good chances for building to adopt with its surroundings. When the application of material with intellectual concept, it is inspired the thinking about the essence of material. Therefore, material is not only a single and unchangeable object, but also combines with information transmission. The performance of self-perception and automatic drive differ from the traditional approach that drive the actuator and mechanical structure automatically by additional intellectual system. in practicing the effect that can response the environment. Related research of smart materials used in construction field, much in the research stage, and to build a small scale or temporary construction, in the small building on the implementation of, or only partially. The study try to simplify the discussion about the essence of building material and the possible of application about intelligent material in building. The subject of study is focus principally on electroactive polymer due to the instructive project from Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich (ETHZ). The concept of study raises the interactive strategy to environment involve by soft building machines constructed with EAP in sustainable issue. The concept of soft machine which integrating the computing control system with intelligent material and soft machine system represents not only the softness of material and structure itself, but also the ability of containment capability, flexibility and suitability toward the environment. It allows EAP can be exist such as the dynamic rhythm of organism in nature, and to reconcile the connectivity of human habitat and environmental context with the intervening of soft machines to achieve further goal of nature self-repairing. The article is divided into three phase: First, the research attempt to reply the experiment with the varying materials and to summarize the result and characteristic to response the building such as soft structure, bio-inspired dynamic and energy- saving efficiency. Then, it can analyses the physical dynamic, the relationship of construction and dimensional characters of EAP by geometric arrangement and type evolution development. In addition and to extend the development of the space prototype. Finally, the experiment integrates the discussion of whole process, the construction of EAP and interactive environment based on the practiced material. MATERIALS AND METHODS This research is trying to outline the material characteristics that applicable on responsive architecture by repeated EAP’s material tests. The spatial prototypes that applicable is extended by analyzing the physical dynamics, tectonics and spatial characteristics of EAP by developing of the geometric arrangements and evolutions of forms. Finally, the integration of processes and control system, and the interaction and tectonic of EAP with the environment is discussed based on the developments in the research. The discussions and integrations can be divided into five stages based on the order of the material tests development: (1) Design The development in this stage is designed the EAP driven soft outer frame tectonics’ design by using the computer-aided-design. The system included is the power supply system, and the design of circuit and software of the control system. (2) Fabrication The outer frames and the temporary supports in the development of the tests are fabricated according to the design by using laser cutter and 3D printer to test the applicability of the material for outer frames. (3) Assembly This stage is divided into two phases: the post-production o of the smart material unit and the composition of form. The order of the assembly will affect the quality of the test. (4) Dielectric Test The smart material units are connected to the power supply for testing. There are many factors that affect the morph of the units. If the units are not deform when connect to the electricity, the first stage of the development should be review again the experiment deletions or influence driving factors. For example, the composite proportion of the smart material unit if the outer frame is too rigid or there was a short circuit during the test. (5) Control System Finally, the intervention of the micro-computer control system’s computer codes are used to control the front-end power supply that control the morph of EAP. Figure1.EAP material experiment process framework RESULTS AND DISCUSSION After exploring. There are a few of the material characteristics and relationships of the form evolution of EAP can be summarized after the exploring of the material’s tests and form research. The characteristics of material: (1) Force and Structure: The force of the structural deformation is the deformation of EAP different from the conventional building skin that are attached to the building structure. (2) Bionic Dynamic The deformation of EAP has the natural bionic dynamic effects. The advantages of the EAP not only its deformation, it is spatial and also a living body. (3) Energy Efficiency While the EAP requires additional power supply, but conversion between the power and potential energy is better, and proceed with the high voltage low current. If it can overcome the need to maintain a continuous power supply to the deformations, then it will be a chance to achieve the energy efficiency of low energy consumption. (4) Material and Visualization EAP is both rational driving deformation, and soft sensual effect material in its form tectonic. Type evolution The study began operations from the basic geometric shape, re-extend its fabric research, space, natural dynamic development as the direction of the possibility of finishing down to the type form, which extends to discuss several types of soft prototype machinery Figure2. Type evolution CONCLUSION After a series of material tests, tectonic explorations, and application studies, this research is trying to subvert the past of the building material used and the architecture structure by develop the concept of application of bionic mechanic in responsible architecture. The new architecture structure that utilized the electric field to drive the deformation of soft structure imitate the mechanisms of the living body and responsive to the environment. According to the micro-changes in size of the deformation units, affecting the overall structure by the dynamic interlock deformation of space and evaluate the most adapt space form. In conclusion, this paper provide: (1) Practical exercises of the EAP material’s test processes, outlines the limitations and problems as the basis of feasibility and applicability of the material. (2) Proposal of the application of EAP’s characteristics in architecture. (3) The applicable dynamic bionic spatial prototypes and geometric forms. (4) Proposal of the environment strategy after the intervention of smart material to the architecture spaces. (5) The differences of EAP’s application between the scaled models and full-scale architecture.