| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中央大學 === 歷史研究所 === 103 === Trachoma was one of the public health issues under Japanese colonial rule, though not a certifiable disease, still caused certain attention. And the trachoma of schoolchildren is among the part. Whether modern or Japanese colonial period, trachoma refers to the hygiene and economic level of sufferers, that are all known to the medical circle. This thesis proceeds the discussion mainly by three directions which are the school physical examination system, sanitary water and affordability of medical resources. The school physical examination system could be described as the control and investigation on the health of schoolchildren, thus the relevant department could learn about the grasp of the trachoma problem under school health. The physical examination also was the means to practice school health, the trachoma examination even became a reference of the preventive measures and a preventive indicator of the trachoma in Taiwan. For schoolchildren as well as trachoma surveillance, in the aspect of the sanitary water popularization, the promotion of sanitary water during the Japanese colonial period had a certain effect, and sometimes the popularization of school hydrant was even better than Japan, which proved the colonists’ intention of developing school health. Nevertheless, for the elementary schools, on the perspective of tap water cost, each school didn’t unlikely have enough water, and even the students’ family might not be able to use adequately, but also that appeared differences between Taiwanese and Japanese. As for the medical treatment affordability, under the Japanese rule, the elementary schools had school doctor to take charge of health affairs, but the school doctors in public schools burdened with the affairs more heavily, must be responsible for more students, and the allowance was not ideal. Moreover, the manpower allocation of the school doctors wasn’t appropriate, those reasons all affected the performance of trachoma prevention. For the medical resources excluding the school doctor, in the aspect of public health resources, the main users of the governmental hospitals were Japanese, and further, Taiwanese mainly chose the public health
physicians, which also needed to deal with a large number of patients with heavy burden. The common practitioners had high drug prices controversy, the reason was the economic capacity difference between Taiwanese and Japanese. Although sanitary water and sufferers’ economic capacity were taken into consideration, but those parts did not operate in coordination with trachoma prevention, and made the trachoma prevention of schoolchildren difficult, even causeed difficulty in carrying out school health education, so that trachoma become a troubled in the colony.
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