Taguchi L8 applies to microwave-assisted digested mushroom optimal conditions and explore the heavy metal enrichment effect to the mushroom.

• Main Authors: Chan-Ching Wang, 王湛晴
• Other Authors: Chiu-Yun Chen
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2015
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/95941667780871358103

碩士 === 國立高雄海洋科技大學 === 海洋環境工程研究所 === 103 === This study applied Taguchi L8 orthogonal experimental design table to establish microwave-assisted digestion method of mushrooms’ heavy metals, and to explore the mushroom bioremediation of heavy metals in the soil and the effectiveness of the control parameters. The Influence factors of microwave-assisted digestion efficiency, the ratio of microwave digestion solvent HNO3/HCl has a significant difference; two factors of microwave digestion temperature and microwave digestion solvent volume of H2O2 have difference; there is a slight interaction between microwave digestion temperature and the proportion of microwave digestion solvent of HNO3/HCl, and it is showed that the change of ratio of microwave digestion solvent HNO3/HCl must accompany with adjustment of the temperature with microwave digestion. Microwave-assisted digestion of mushroom of copper, nickel, zinc, lead, cadmium, chromium, manganese that seven kinds of heavy metals of the appropriate conditions is that 0.2g mushroom added microwave digestion 5/7 solvent of HNO3/HCl 12 mL, the first stage of microwave digestion is in microwave digestion temperature 180℃ for 10 min, and then adding microwave digestion solvent H2O2 1 mL for the second stage of the microwave digestion. The proper conditions of Microwave-assisted digestion of mushroom of copper, nickel, lead, cadmium, chromium, iron, manganese, silver that eight kinds of heavy metals, the above parameters of microwave digestion solvent HNO3/HCl changed to 4/8, and the rest of experimental parameters are the same above. This method compared with the Ministry of Health and Welfare standard method has simple steps, low temperature (450 ℃ reduced from 180℃), high security, use less solvent (21mL reduced to 13mL), saving time (shortened from 23 hours to 0.5 hours),and could operating large number of samples (14) at the same time. This method can not only shorten the test time and the cost of money, as well as the recovery rate can up to 84% ~115% , and relative standard deviation (RSD) can less than 10%, this method can reach to the purposes of effective dissolution of heavy metal. The results of Mushroom heavy metal enrichment effect, zinc is for growth and fruiting bodies of the four basic elements, and also for the copper of Agrocybe cylindracea and Pleruotus salmoneostramineus L. is the basic elements that needed for growth, the elements cadmium of Pleruotus salmoneostramineus L. Vass required the basic growth elements. Agrocybe cylindracea umbrella of mushrooms, mushroom stalk begin accumulating elements of lead to the highest concentration; mushroom umbrella of Pleruotus salmoneostramineus L. Vass that in the mushroom stem of zinc has the highest concentration; spraying low (L) and medium (M) concentration, Pleurotus ostreatus, and P. citrinopileatus of the mushroom umbrella accumulation of zinc concentrations are highest. Pleurotus ostreatus, P. citrinopileatus Singer, and Agrocybe cylindracea that three kinds of pine mushrooms are generally better in mushroom umbrella, and Pleurotus ostreatus’s accumulation ability is better in mushroom stem. Bio-concentration factor (BCF) results found that Pleurotus ostreatus, P. citrinopileatus Singer and Pleruotus salmoneostramineus L. Vass for elemental zinc, Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleruotus salmoneostramineus L. Vass for elements cadmium, P. citrinopileatus Singer have enrichment elements lead to the phenomenon. Between mushroom species accumulation of heavy metals concentration correlation discrimination, Pleurotus ostreatus, P. citrinopileatus Singer and Pleruotus salmoneostramineus L. Vass have the most similar characteristics to the enrichment of heavy metal, heavy metal enrichment of Agrocybe cylindracea is the most different characteristics. The total concentration of heavy metal accumulation of P. citrinopileatus Singer spray high (H) concentration, pH4.5 is the highest. Pleurotus ostreatus on a variety of heavy metal accumulation was the highest in total, and suitable for biological remediation of soils contaminated by heavy metals. Four kinds of mushrooms total concentration of heavy metals are enriched with sprinkler concentration increased, thus total cumulative rate decreases with sprinkler concentration increase. For the result, high concentrations of heavy metals, although can improve accumulate concentration, but it has the slow growth, showed that the restoration time will required for extending.