| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立清華大學 === 社會學研究所 === 103 === The study focuses on the welfare stratification of aging population in urban China. In this study, I use the historical institutionalism of Welfare State Theories to study the development of the endowment insurance system. Currently, the welfare institution predominantly bases on the endowment insurance system .Its stratification of transfer payments not only reduces the redistributive function of welfare state, highlights the occupation of social inequality, but leads the welfare stratification of the whole aging population. The study uses the policy documents of endowment insurance and field research in 5 cities, then totally interview 35 retired people and service providers to explain the welfare stratification of aging population in urban China.
On the one hand, the study points out institutional legacy of planned economy period that is the reason of the welfare stratification and elderly inequality. According to the path dependence of these legacies, the welfare stratification appears the endowment insurance system, including the work-unit system, the household registration system (hukuo) ,and the cadre administer rank system. Meanwhile, The existing social stratification and social inequality can survive. To sum up, the study finds out the welfare stratification and elderly inequality in urban China closely affects by the institutional arrangements and economic development strategies.
On the other hand, under the diversification of welfare supply, the gap of pension and retired resources emerge between people which different socio-economic status. The differentiation services of welfare providers also deteriorate elderly inequality. In the future, the acceleration of marketization will continually threaten the fairness of redistribution. Therefore, without any change, the welfare stratification and elderly inequality will worsen in the aging society.
Keywords: Chinese Studies, social welfare system, welfare stratification, social inequality
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