The National Power to Dominance over Tribal Society in Japanese Occupation Period – Takes Takibakha of Bunun for Example

• Main Authors: Chen, Wei-Tang, 陳威潭
• Other Authors: Zhang, Su-Bin
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2015
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33893745145746390840

碩士 === 國立臺灣師範大學 === 臺灣史研究所 === 103 === The national power in Japanese occupation period was the primary energy influencing the development of aboriginal tribes. The study mainly discussed the effects of national power to the society and culture of Takibakha tribe of Bunun in the process. The study focused on the literature analysis with interview as supports. Due to the insufficient national power in early Japanese occupation, the government appeased Takibakha tribe by setting a Forestry and Administration Bureau in Puli, and grasped the situation of tribe through the interpreters who were being the bridges between officers and aborigines. Since 1904, the police had stationed in the tribes and, as the official influences extended to the areas of Zhuoshui River, the general situation of Takibakha tribe of Bunun was preliminary comprehended by the government until the establishment of Kanetowan Police Post in 1911. After 1930, the “Investigation of Development in Aboriginal Area” was conducted and initially planned the appropriate area for intensive farming. Due to the Wushe incident, the government announced a new “Aboriginal Policy Program” in 1931 to cultivate aborigines to seek for the stable livings, improve the living quality and have an independent finance through the trial of “collective movement”. The movements of Takibakha tribe of Bunun in the case area may be roughly divided into 3 stages. In the first stage between 1922 and 1923, the government drove the tribes that difficult to control to the neighbor of Police Posts. In the second stage between 1923 and 1932, Because of the fertile croplands of Tamarowan, the tribesman moved to the place for agricultural needs or induces of governments. However, before the improvement of sanitation condition, most of them returned afterward for the diseases infection. In the third stage between 1933 and 1938, the government performed the appropriate residence investigation and planned the moving program by Investigation of Development in Aboriginal Area, which compelled Takibakha tribe to move to Tamarowan (Dili tribe), Ishigan (Shuanlong tribe) and Warabi (Tannan tribe). After the collective movement, the elements affected Takibakha tribe the most were the introduction of property handling and contemporary education. As the instruction of the paddy field farming by the government, the livelihood transferred from crop rotation and hunting to agricultural sedentary cultivation, and the traditional ritual which related to the farming transited with it. In terms of the school education, the main goal of educating aboriginal children focused on the acceptance of Japanese culture and Japanese spirits in order to assimilate them to live on Japanese style. The dominance and assimilation to aborigines were strengthened by property handling and education, which resulted in the progressively alternation of traditional cultures of tribes.