A Study of the Police Substation Space Plane during Pre-Japanese Ruled Period in Kaohsiung-Pingtung Area

• Main Authors: Yi-Min Lin, 林怡旻
• Other Authors: Hung-Chi Sung
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2015
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99747068299957897404

碩士 === 樹德科技大學 === 建築與室內設計研究所 === 103 === During the beginning of the Japanese occupation, Japanese Police Chief suggested to establish policing in Taiwan in order to enforce laws and orders. Two troops of Japanese police had been dispatched to Taiwan, formulating Taiwan’s earliest policing system. The most basic level policing institutes were police substations, they were located on major roads to monitor the activities of Taiwanese people. Police substations used local residences as offices first, but they were difficult to guard. In the 30th year of the Meiji Reign(1897), the Taiwan Governor General Office promulgated “Requirements of Police Institutions and Police Officer Residency”. The design of police substations at that time was still decided by designers. In the 42nd year of the Meiji Reign(1909), the “Standardized Diagrams of Police Substation Design” was implemented, which linked the spaces of the substations and the living of policemen. The new policy of systematic design motivated this study. This study investigates three things: 1. Locations of police substations and their relationship with the surroundings. 2. Changes of the spatiality of the offices and living quarters after the Standardized Diagrams were implemented, and 3. The police manpower and the correspondent spatiality. The research scope covers the police substations at the flatlands in Kaohsiung and Pingtung from the 28th(1895) year of the Meijing Reign to the 9th year of the Taishō Reign(1920). This research set out from historical bibliology; with the Taiwan Map(1898~1904), all of the police substations in these areas were located. Then according to the “Categorized Official Documents of the Taiwan Governor General Office”, the years of the establishment of each substation were found, and through redrawing their plans, the spaces were restored for analysis. All the police substations occupied significant locations, and among the 66 buildings this research has redrawn, 53 had living quarters annexed to the offices, 9 had living quarters at the back of the offices. In terms of the types of buildings, the substations using residences as offices also could be categorized into street houses and compounds. 47 residences were used as police substations, and 22 were constructed by the colonial government. And in terms of the floor plans, earlier substations could be categorized into Type A, B and C. 18 buildings were Type A, 22 were Type B, and 20 were Type C. Two to four inspectors and deputy inspectors lived in the substations, showing that the sizes of their offices did not respond to the numbers of policemen, but the units of accommodation did. Living quarters annexed to the two sides of the offices were more common later, kitchens and outhouses were at the back of the offices.