| Summary: | 碩士 === 中山醫學大學 === 職業安全衛生學系碩士班 === 104 === Cosmetology and hairdressing professionals often exposed many irritating or harmful chemicals, and cause skin, respiratory and reproductive and other hazards in their workplace, prolonged standing or maintain the same posture resulting in varicose veins or lower back pain. The 165 relevant employees, 64 from central Taiwan and 101 from northern Taiwan, were sampled randomly, and agreed with consent. A questionnaire survey of the occupational hazards of exposure factors, and collecting salivary for cortisol and immunoglobulin A (IgA) determination were conducted.
The contents of the questionnaire included basic information, job profile, living and eating habits, personal health, medical history, use of protective equipment, sleep quality and work pressure. The sample of saliva is collected during 9 a.m. to 11 a.m., it is used to analyze cortisol and IgA and compared with the exposure risk factor. The salivary cortisol and IgA were detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
The results of this study showed that self-report risk factors were “skin exposure to the chemicals” (76.4%), “musculoskeletal pain caused by working positions” (72.1%), “exposure to the airborne dust” (68.5%), “hurt by tools or hair” (65.5%), and “exposure to harmful chemical vapor” (64.2%); and the related symptoms were mainly “gastrointestinal discomfort” (53.9%), “stomachache” (45.5%), “Varicose veins” (42.2%), “eye dryness and inflammation” (40.6%), and “chapped skin” (40.0%), musculoskeletal symptoms of shoulder mainly accounted for 74.5%. In regard to the salivary cortisol analysis, 92.1% of the all were normal, the average value of overall samples is 6.64 ± 4.17 ng/mL. For the IgA testing, 85.5% of the results are normal (40-170 µg/mL), the average is 106.72 ± 50.59 µg/mL.
The items of the survey which have significant difference (P<0.05) with the cortisol in saliva are “rhinitis of disease history”, “daily working hours”, and “the diet habit of spicy and salty food”; the prevalence diseases related to occupational hazards are “skin rash”, “gastrointestinal discomfort” and “eye irritation”.
The items of the survey which have significant difference (P<0.05) with the IgA in saliva is “spontaneous abortion of reproductive harm to women in childbearing age”; the prevalance diseases of occupational hazards are “dry cough” and “lower back pain”. On the other hand, the survey for investigating the work pressure shows that “working control decisions autonomy” has significant difference with cortisol; “decision-making autonomy of the psychological load” has significant difference with IgA (P<0.05).
This study also finds that the exposure to the risk factor of cosmetology and hairdressing professionals is mainly “chemical hazards”;52.6% of women in childbearing age have the of “abnormal pregnancy”, that is very important issue for cosmetology and hairdressing professionals. The study suggested that salivary, cortisol and IgA can be useful indexes for evaluating such field and especially for cortisol.
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