| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立彰化師範大學 === 台灣文學研究所 === 104 === During the period of Ming and Qing Dynasties, deeply influenced by the concept of “heavy papers light weapons,” Taiwanese literati seldom and never ever took part in any sports activities. Moreover, they believed that after the activities they would become “out of breath,” which was detrimental to their “literati’s demeanor deportment.” However, in the colonial period, Japanese government tried to “overcome colonial endemic,” improve colonial people’s constitution, and help Taiwanese possess the will and martial spirit of Japanese for the purpose of serving the country. Thus, Japanese government developed a variety of polices and encouraged the implementation of sports activities. Then, under this thriving sporting atmosphere, both Taiwanese common people and literati had access to western sports activities. Therefore, in this study the author is in the hope that, through the views of the Taiwanese Han poets, the developmental process of sports activities during Japanese colonial period can be retraced again. Besides, by the analyzing of related Han poetry works, the study also helps understand the Han poets’ views on emerging sports activities.
In the third chapter, the topics on baseball and its related poems have been discussed. In this way, the study aims at doing a research on how Taiwanese chose their daily leisure activities, fulfilled their self-identification, and got themselves involved in athletic competitions in the 1930s. Through the understanding of the booming development of baseball, for example, their involvement and enthusiasm for baseball had won them lots of baseball fans. When Chiaji Agriculture and Forestry School won the second place in Japan Koshien Contest, the prosperity and support of baseball sports had reached its ever climax, even the mass media once called it a “baseball fever.” In the fourth chapter, Swimming Poetry is placed as one of the themes of discussion. Recalling from the historical data, we can find that in the early stage of the promotion of swimming sports in Taiwan, Taiwanese were not very active in it, but under the promotion of Japanese government, lots of measures were built through water swimming venue construction, arrangement of school curricula, and advocate of sports in the mass media, etc.. Combined with concept of entertainment, physical health, and life skills, the sports of swimming had grown to a progressive phase close to that of modern western countries. All of this had caused a great impact on the Han poets, who were still ignorant of any modern exercise concept.
In the fifth chapter, the study has focused on sports competitions and their related poems. It is also found that the Japanese had the intention of fusing into body discipline and racial assimilation in the sports games, and by so doing they tried to build up a collective core consciousness of “ unity,” ”courageousness,” and “obedience.” In the sixth chapter, the sports for women and their related poems have been analyzed. When at the junction of the old and new culture, Han poets’ attitudes towards female participation had been bipolarized. It is discovered that many poets had been able to accept the female participation in the newly sports activities and that in the poems they also revealed their appreciation for those women who were good at sports; but, some other literati also had negative comments, just because of their exposed clothing. Nevertheless, with the change of social atmosphere, most Han poets had gradually accepted the concept that women could go out for outdoor activities and should be courageous to pursue their self-expression.
From the study, it is found that in the Japanese colonial period most Han poets still held a positive attitude towards sports. They thought that sports was not only a purely physical activity or just a game, but also a great help for building individual physical constitution. In addition, they also thought that there was a strong connection between strengthening personal fitness and revitalizing national power. Thus, at that time appeared lots of works, like “strengthening the country and species,” “health to serve the country,” which were the core awareness of their works. Through this study, it is also found that , during Japanese colonial period, the “old literati” who wrote Han poems were not so “pedantic” as we stereotyped them. They were quite happy to participate in new sports activities, and in the Han poems they had left much indelible record for the developmental history of Taiwan sports in the Japanese colonial period.
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