| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 土木工程學研究所 === 104 === In Taiwan, rainfall of high intensity in short duration occurs more frequently over past decades. High intensity rainfall is usually underestimated by using tipping bucket rain gauge (TBR). For example, the rainfall during Typhoon Morakot was underestimated over 30% in Tsengwen Reservoir watershed. However, rainfall data is a very important parameter for design of disaster prevention and mitigation. The wrong observed rainfall may cause wrong design and severe threat to human life and property. To solve the problem of underestimation, we develop a mechanical theory to analyze and adjust TBR in two parts, i.e. rain gauge and tipping bucket. The former part is to find out the correlation between RI and flow rate at the bottom of rain gauge. For the tipping bucket, the motion is analyzed during rainfall input. To verify our theory, we also conduct laboratory experiments. As a result, the prediction of our theory is in good agreement with the actual rainfall input. Therefore, our theory can give practical reference for calibration and improvement of TBR.
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