| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 土木工程學研究所 === 104 === High-strength materials as concrete and steel are commonly used in high-rise, residential buildings. There are a lot of walls constructed in residential buildings. Due to functional requirement, openings of doors and windows are often required for these walls. The stiffness of the walls with openings is relatively high that the walls with openings are the first elements to be broken under earthquake.
These walls with openings are not the structural elements which provide the capacity of the building. When they are broken, the owners of the damaged buildings usually lose their confidence on building safety. In consequence, those buildings with damaged non-structural walls are demolished and rebuilt. Thus we need to investigate the damage control of the walls with openings.
This study tested four specimens whose size of the test area is 200×20×190 cm. The test parameters are the size of the boundary element and the window openings. The walls with openings have the same size of the openings, 55×55 cm. The designed concrete strength is 70 MPa, and the nominal yielding strength of steel is 785 MPa. Test objective is to observe the relationship between the lateral force and the deformation, crack width, crack length, and concrete spalling
ACI 318-14 requires to detail the horizontal reinforcement above and below the wall pier, but it doesn’t describe how to design clearly. By the strain gages attached on the steel, we can confirm that the horizontal reinforcement can surely play the role to transfer the shear from the wall pier to adjacent wall segments.
By comparing the crack width, crack length, and the spalling area, it is found that the walls with openings have more severe damage than the walls without opening. As comparing the ratio of the peak crack width to the residual crack width, the ratio is not a constant. Finally, as for the reparability limit state defined in AIJ 2004 and AIJ 2010, this study recommends to adopt the reparability limit stage I provided by AIJ 2004.
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