Introgression of black skin trait to Chiayi Ju-Chi chicken

• Main Authors: Shin-Yu Chiou, 邱馨玉
• Other Authors: 陳志峰
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2017
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/41246470866666583790

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 動物科學系所 === 105 === Conservation of the livestock is important to sustainable use for animal genetic diversity and biodiversity. Along with environment changing, chicken had some variation to adapt the local ecosystems and humanity. Such as different phenotype, structure, physiology and so on. National Chung Hsing University have been doing conservation of the Taiwan local chicken breeds since 1982. One of them is Chaiyi Ju-Chi, which has black or white skin in the beginning, but the black skin trait had disappeared since the conservation period. The main purpose of this study is to insert black skin trait into Ju-Chi via introgression. The first experiment analyzed the Fibromelanosis（Fm） of silky and some other black skin chickens, it showed the genes are very similar mutation. The black skin trait is controlled by Fm gene, therefore, the second experiment is to bring the Fm gene of silky into Ju-Chi via introgression. The first generation is crossbreed by Ju-Chi cocks and silky hens. The male offspring of the first generation are backcrossed with Ju-Chi hens till the fourth generation, then start the selection of black skin trait. The growth performance of Ju-Chi black, original Ju-Chi and silky were compared, it showed that the body size of Ju-Chi black is smaller than Ju-Chi. The genetic variation of Melanocortin 1-receptor（MC1R）gene haploid between Ju-Chi black and original Ju-Chi were also compared. Analyzing of H1 haploid frequence shows Ju-Chi black are no significant difference by original Ju-Chi. This study utilized introgression breeding to recover the diversity of skin color in Ju-Chi, and use marker assisted selection to select black skin trait. However, the weight and body size of Ju-Chi black are smaller than original Ju-Chi. Ju-Chi black can be regard as genetic resources in the gene pool and make use of breeder for improved breeding.