| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 森林學系所 === 105 === Mountain hiking and rock climbing have been popular recreation activities for years in Taiwan. Many participants become more specialized from these activities. Based on the definition of recreation specialization, there were similar characteristics between mountain hikers and rock climbers. On the other hand, the increased participants also brought various specializtion oreintations and social groups, thus resulted in more complicated interaction with the environment. Additionally, accidents happened due to participates’ lack of risk perception. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the relationship of recreation specialization of mountain hiking and rock climbing, environmental attitudes and environmental behavior. This study intended to understand: (1) the specialization ring including cognitive, behavior and emotional specialization and the interaction among them; (2) the degree of recreation specialization affected environmental attitudes; (3) the degree of environmental attitudes affected environmental behavior. The internet servey was used via snowball sampling method. Overall 281 valid samples were completed, includeing 112 mountain hiking samples, 58 rock climbing samples, and 111 for both mountain hiking and rock climbing. The data analysis method included exploratory factor analysis, cluster analysis, multiple regression analysis and canonical correlation analysis. The results showed that there were significant relationships in recreation specialization including cognitive, behavior and emotional specialization between mountain hikers and rock climbers. The aforementioned significant relationships were found for both mountain hikers and rock climbers, For the both activity sample, the cluster analysis showed two clusters including mountain hiking preference cluster and rock climbing preference cluster. For mountain hikers, the results showed that specialization significantly affected environmental attitudes and environmental behavior, on the other hand, the aforementioned relationship was not found for rock climbers. For the both acticity sample, the results showed that specialization did not affect environmental attitudes and environmental behavior, however, the result showed that environmental attitudes significantly affected environmental behavior. This study also offered management implications including: (1) The government was suggested to identifying management regulation for both mountain hiking and rock climbing activity; (2) the government may promote environmental education through private sectors such as through rock climbing setting owners to reduce the negative environmrntal impacts; (3) the government was suggested to identifying management regualtions according to participants’ different level of specializtion so as to enhance their environmental attitudes and further promote environmental friendly behavior.
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