The Evolution of National Identity and the Influence of Cultural Policies in Taiwan (1945-2008)

• Main Authors: LIN-LIN MAO, 毛琳琳
• Other Authors: JHENG-SIAN WU
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2017
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26460424114408841555

博士 === 國立中興大學 === 歷史學系所 === 105 === The Evolution of National Identity and the Influence of Cultural Policies in Taiwan (1945-2008) Abstract Cultural policies have been enforced since the Nationalist government moved to Taiwan. They were meant to enhance Taiwanese people’s Chinese national consciousness after the retrocession. Moreover, relocating in Taiwan was construed by Kuomintang as a defeat that they needed to accept and reflect on. In order to fight against the Chinese Communist Party, they held on to Chinese culture so that they could be regarded as the true heir. During the reigns of the Chiangs, Chinese national consciousness with its insistence on the union of Taiwan and China was prevalent in Taiwan, resulting from the nationalist promotion of Chinese national consciousness. However, when Lee Teng-hu was elected as the first Taiwanese president, Chinese national consciousness was gradually replaced by Taiwanese national consciousness. People were eager to break away from the old ideology of national identity. For Taiwanese people, it was time for them to govern this country. In terms of cultural policies, Chinese nationalism was superseded by Taiwanese nationalism. The time has come for Taiwanese people to be in charge. After the political transition, the ruling party seized political power and had different cultural policies. Thus, the identification of Taiwanese people was directed toward Taiwanese nationalism. From 1945 to 2008, the national consciousness of people in Taiwan had gone through a long transition. At first, they identified with Chinese culture. Then, they turned to embrace Taiwanese culture. By means of cultural policies that encouraged Taiwanese national identity, Taiwanese people began to be united. The transition of Taiwanese people’s national consciousness can be observed by studying the influences of the cultural policies. Taiwan is on the way of establishing multiculturalist cultural policies, instead of insisting on valuing nothing but Chinese culture. As for national identity, an emphasis on Taiwanese consciousness has become the mainstream. Keywords：Cultural Policies；Taiwan；National Identity；Martial law；Chinese Culture