| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立東華大學 === 自然資源與環境學系 === 105 === For the past two decades, extreme climates across the globe have caused changes in environment, catastrophic disasters, and climate refugees who are forced to move due to disaster. In addition to the natural vulnerability of their location, the social characteristics of climate refugees are also clearly characterized by vulnerability and social exclusion
In 2009, Typhoon Morakot also created climate refugees in Taiwan. Government and private charity organizations cooperated on the construction of new homes for those made homeless. The Tzu Chi Foundation built permanent houses in Kaohsiung, Tainan and Pingtung. A special feature of the projects at Shanlin and Changzhi is that the villagers (future householders) were invited to take part in the construction of the Park engineering and were paid (work relief).
This study is based on three elements: the analysis of documents, the personal experiences and observations of the current researcher, who was involved in the reconstruction and work-related relief schemes, and social exclusion matrix proposed by British and Taiwanese scholars. Several points of view are used to explore whether any potential social exclusion effects of the disaster and subsequent rehousing may have been mitigated by Tzu Chi’s work-relief schemes; these comprise change, resources, participation, quality of life and self-worth.
The study found that the success of the work of the permanent housing complex in the post-disaster period was due to the nature of the work of rebuilding their homeland and its special significance, the relative influence on the self-worth, the security of the living environment, and the participation of the volunteers; because of the economic income of work and the lifting of the pressure of livelihood, physical and mental health and access to service resources were significantly improved.
In particular, Tzu Chi volunteers spent a long time accompanying individuals and groups and providing care and human interaction, not only constructing a new social support network, but also enhancing the ethnic and cultural appreciation and acceptance of each other. Therefore, some of the folks on the edge of society are willing to change their original habits, re-establish their self-esteem, self-confidence and sense of value, not only to avoid the risk of social exclusion, but also actively promote the role of social inclusion.
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