Effect of Panax notoginseng water extracts on physiological, digestive and immune responses in white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

• Main Authors: Kuo, Chia-Ling, 郭佳陵
• Other Authors: Hsieh, Shu-Ling
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2017
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06435190991836998654

碩士 === 國立高雄海洋科技大學 === 水產食品科學研究所 === 105 === Panax notoginseng (family: Araliaceae) is a common traditional Chinese medicine that has been shown to improve immune, antioxidant, and anticancer functioning. To investigate the regulatory roles of Panax notoginseng water extracts (PNWE) in the physiological and digestive functions and immune response of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei), they were individually injected with the PNWE at 50, 100, and 200 μg (g shrimp)-1 for 0, 12, 24, 48, 72, 168 and 240 hours. Then, we examined their innate physiological responses (including haemolymph glucose, lactate, triglycerides and protein); digestive enzymes (trypsin, chymotrypsin, α-amylase and lipase); intestinal microflora; and nonspecific immune responses including phenoloxidase (PO), respiratory bursts (RB), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total haemocyte count (THC), differential haemocyte count (DHC), phagocytic ratio (PR), phagocytic index (PI), the average number of beads ingested per cell (ABPC), and gene expressions (including lipopolysaccharide- and β-1,3-glucan-binding protein (LGBP), clotting protein (CP), prophenoloxidase (proPO), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) mRNA transcripts). The results indicate that shrimp injected with the PNWE can maintain stable glucose, lactate, lipid, and protein levels. Regarding physiological parameters, for all the different doses of PNWE, lactate was significantly elevated at 12 and 24 hours by anaerobic glycolysis; glucose was significantly elevated at 72 to 168 hours, and underwent glycolysis into triglycerides; triglycerides were significantly elevated at 168 to 240 hours; and another protein was significantly elevated at 48 to 72 hours. However, regarding digestive enzymes, trypsin was significantly elevated for all doses of PNWE at 12 to 72 hours, and further elevated with 50 or 100 μg (g shrimp)-1 PNWE at 168 to 240 hours; amylase was significantly elevated for all doses at 12 to 240 hours; and lipase was significantly elevated with 50 μg (g shrimp)-1 PNWE at 12 to 24 hours. Moreover, Vibiro intestinal microflora were significantly reduced with the different PNWE doses at 48 to 240 hours. At 240 hours, the hepatopancreas and intestine morphology were normal, indicating that shrimp injected with the PNWE have enhanced digestive enzymes and inhibit Vibiro. In addition, PO activity was significantly elevated for all doses at 12 to 240 hours; RB activity was also significantly elevated at 12 to 48 hours, and further elevated with 200 μg (g shrimp)-1 PNWE at 72 to 240 hours. The SOD activity was significantly elevated with 200 μg (g shrimp)-1 PNWE at 72 and 168 hours. THC was significantly elevated with 100 or 200 μg (g shrimp)-1 PNWE at 24 to 168 hours, and further elevated for all PNWE doses at 240 hours. Granular and semigranular cells were significantly elevated with different PNWE doses at 24 to 240 hours. PR, PI, and ABPC were elevated with different doses of PNWE at 12 to 240 hours. Moreover, with 100 μg (g shrimp)-1 PNWE at 72 to 168 hours and 200 μg (g shrimp)-1 PNWE at 12 to 240 hours, the white shrimp had enhanced LGBP mRNA gene expressions. The CP and SOD mRNA gene expressions were significantly elevated with different doses of PNWE at 24 to 168 hours. The proPO mRNA gene expressions were significantly elevated with 50 μg (g shrimp)-1 PNWE at 48 to 168 hours and with 200 μg (g shrimp)-1 PNWE at 12 to 240 hours. Therefore, the shrimp injected with the PNWE exhibited enhanced immune responses. In conclusion, shrimp injected with PNWE at different times can regulate their physiological parameters and have enhanced digestive enzymes and immune indexes. Taken together, this indicates that PNWE can potentially regulate the physiology, digestive function, and immunity of white shrimp.