Analysis and Determination of the Functional Components of Crude Fat Extracts in Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum Koidz.) Hull with Different Lines

• Main Authors: Huang, Chin-Yuan, 黃進元
• Other Authors: Tsai, Pi-Jen
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2016
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/367g64

碩士 === 國立屏東科技大學 === 食品科學系所 === 105 === Plant are potential sources of triterpenes and phytosterols. Phytosterols are important structural components of plant membranes that used to stabilize phospholipid bilayers in cell membranes. They are steroid compounds similar to cholesterol in structure and biological function. Therefore, phytosterols can inhibit intestinal cholesterol absorption to improve HDL/LDL ratio in human. Plant triterpenes are key products from mevalonate (MVA) pathway. Triterpenes, as important functional com-pounds are linked to the direct or indirect capacity to reduce cholesterol levels and prevent the tumor or cancer. Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum Koidz.) hull is a waste after pro-cessing. Phytosterols and triterpenes were rich in the unsaponifiable parts of fat soluble extract from djulis hull. Thus, this study is aimed to optimize the extraction of crude fat from djulis hull through reflux extraction. Then saponification, and liquid/liquid extraction were used to obtain the unsa-ponifiable matter. Furthermore, GC-MS method was used to determine their chemical structures. Results showed that 27 compounds appeared in unsaponifiable parts including long chain fatty alcohols. Twelve fatty acids and 5 saponin structures were also found. Total phytosterols and total triterpenes presentage ranged from 8-18% and 12-18% in unsaponifiable matters, respectively. The yield of crude unsaponifiable matter was 0.9-1.4%. The ratio of ω-6/ω-3 fatty acid was 3/1. The distribution of unsaponifiable matter and fatty acid in different lines were elucidated through their per-centage and statistical analysis. It confirmed that waste hull of djulis is a good source of functional ingredients, and has the potential for further utilization and development.