Temporary Road Capacity Reduction in a Traffic Bottleneck

• Main Authors: CHEN, LI-CHIEH, 陳俐潔
• Other Authors: TASI, JYH-FA
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2017
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/y5wwny

碩士 === 國立臺北大學 === 都市計劃研究所 === 105 === In the daily commuting rush hour, traffic congestion can be found everywhere, which is called queuing, and the traffic bottleneck is one of the most important causes. This paper is based on the bottleneck mode of Vickrey (1969). First, we use the Wardrop Equilibrium to analyze the commuter’s behavior of choosing departure time when the road capacity has temporary reduction in a single bottleneck for some reason. Second, the road pricing is employed to discuss the changes on the commuter’s behavior decision and travel cost. Finally, the values of the parameters of Small (1982) are used for numerical simulation to check the results of the model. The main conclusion of this paper is that an optimal time-varying toll can completely eliminate queueing in a bottleneck when the temporary road capacity reduction happened. However, the single-step toll can only eliminate some percentage of queueing. Comparing with the related studies in literatures, three results are obtained as follows: (1) There will be a four-stage change in the departure rate in the no-toll equilibrium. (2) Whether it implements the charging strategy or not, both the commuters’ costs and departure time depend on the reduced proportion of road capacity and duration. (3) In the single-step tolling system, there will be an eight-stage change in the departure rate. Moreover, the ratio of the queueing improvement depends on the assumptions of the situations in the single-step tolling system. This ratio is not exactly 50% which is obtained in the studies in literature.