| Summary: | 碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 護理學系碩士班 === 106 === Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a public health issue worldwide, is related to high morbidity and mortality and a reduced quality of life. Identifying the factors that influence disease self-management behaviour in patients is critical to promoting the effective management of diabetes.
Objective: This study aims to explore the current state of self-management behaviours among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Solomon Islands and to discuss the factors that influence these behaviours.
Design: This cross-sectional study was designed to explore the relationships among diabetes knowledge, illness perception, and self-management behaviours in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Solomon Islands.
Sample and methods: A convenience sample of 150 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was recruited from a hospital in the SI from August 2017 to September 2017. Self-report questionnaires were used to measure the variables of self-management, diabetes knowledge, and illness perception. Data were analysed using correlation, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and stepwise regression to assess the impacts of these variables on diabetes self-management behaviours.
Results: A total of 140 valid subjects were enrolled and the response rate was 93.33%. The overall score for self-management was 56.90±13.19 and the mean scores for the four dimensions of the diabetes self-management instrument were: problem-solving: 14.83±3.69; self-integration: 11.44±2.98; communication with healthcare providers: 17.01±4.54; and self-monitoring of blood glucose: 13.61±4.62. Diabetes knowledge and illness perception, as influencing factors of self-management, earned total scores of 13.30±3.96 and 55.84±12.03, respectively. Stepwise regression analysis of total self-management and the four dimensions of SM identified illness perception,
diabetes knowledge, and smoking as significant influencing factors, explaining 20.8% of total variance in self-management.
Conclusion: The level of diabetes self-management behaviours demonstrated by patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in this study was rated as less than ideal, with most participants adopting self-management behaviours either only “occasionally” or “usually”. Certain strategies of self-management were practised more than others, with problem-solving practised the most and self-monitoring blood glucose practised the least. Diabetes knowledge and illness perception were the two main influencing factors of patient self-management.
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