The Postal Delivery System of Xinjiang during Qing Dynasty Qianlong and Jiaqing Period

• Main Authors: Zhuang, Yu-Wei, 莊祐維
• Other Authors: Liao, Min-Shu
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2019
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/fym32b

碩士 === 國立政治大學 === 歷史學系 === 107 === From the beginning of quelling Jungar in 1755, Qing dynasty’s military first built Junying Yizhan(military camp station) from Jia yu guan to Hami and Barkul. Since then for provision of the front-line army, establishing Taizhan(station of transporting grain) to transport grain and deliver official documents on the army’s itinerary from Barkul to Urumchi, that was the start of Xinjiang postal delivery system. Whenever Qing dynasty’s officers and soldiers arrived, they would name the toponyms with tribe’s language, and then transcript to Manchu language that tagged the drawing maps together at same time. Besides had been accumulated Qing dynasty’s Xichui(china western frontier) geomancy writing, but was the origin of Xinjiang Taizhan’s name. Qing military head the troops including Manchu, Cahar, Lu qi, Karka, Ulet, Uighur, all of them had participate the develop of Taizhan. they preserved the operations of Xinjiang postal delivery system together, just because the troops at every place consist of different forms, organization were also different. At that time, Taizhan not only regarded as delivering documents’ information center, but also look after local public order and trade, even received foreign visitors, or tuntian zhuliang(屯田貯糧) etc, practically managered region. On account of Xinjiang’s environment, the road webwork consisted of Taizhan and Karun, becoming the arterial road of Xinjiang. During Qianlong and Jiaqing period, Taizhan and Karun afforded public affairs of arrest, mapping, delivery, trade. In the time of peace, government set up Yingtang(營塘) and Yizhan(驛站) for arms reduction or region altered. Since 1821 “Xinjiang Shilue”(新疆識略) had been come out, referring to maps and stations that could go deep into the Postal Delivery System. When Jiaqing period, Taizhan system became executive and permanent units, remained to delivery for the most party, and lost many origin record in the annals. This thesis try to go back to the inceptive Taizhan and Karun, view under the great work of Qing dynasty quelling Xichui, how did the Postal Delivery System transform.