| Summary: | 博士 === 國立中興大學 === 土木工程學系所 === 107 === Because Taiwan is located in a region with frequent earthquakes and typhoons, developing disaster prevention and monitoring technology is highly imperative. This study developed several types of technology for monitoring the scour of the bridge pier foundation, bridge residual strain following earthquakes, wearing of spillway weirs, and riverbed scour. In the study, the conventional centralized data acquisition approach was replaced with a distributed data acquisition method, which can greatly alleviate problems concerning noise and interference. The advancement of wireless communication technology was utilized to install the wireless data transmission function of the developed monitoring system, which can be applied to civil engineering sites where electrical wiring is difficult because of the sheer size of such sites.
The results of this study revealed that the embedded digital scour monitoring technique recorded a scour depth of 5.5 m of a bridge pier foundation during Typhoon Morakot. In addition, the embedded vibration sensor buried at a depth of 9.5 m exhibited noticeable vibration response during Typhoon Saola, which confirmed the monitoring function of this device as effective. Regarding the residual strain monitoring of a reinforced concrete beam, preliminary experiments confirmed that the adjacent strain subtraction method could remove the effect of temperature-induced strain shift phenomenon. Therefore, this method can be used to accurately analyze the mechanical strain of a beam subjected to loading and unloading as well as examine nonlinear responses induced by large forces within a short period. Regarding the monitoring of spillway weir wear, the proposed technology was adopted during floods to perform real-time monitoring on the wear depth of spillway weirs and weir vibration caused by impact of the rocks brought about by the floods. The monitoring results were compared with those acquired using optical measurement and revealed partial consistency between the two approaches. Nevertheless, optical measurement is easily affected by climate, surrounding environments, and baseline vibration; hence, more accurate verification methods are required to confirm the feasibility of the proposed technology. The developed riverbed scour monitoring technology was tested during Typhoon Matmo, and the flow rate determined using this technology was confirmed to be reliable after comparison with data acquired using nearby current meters.
The wireless monitoring system developed in this study demonstrated excellent performance in monitoring bridge pier scour, bridge residual strain, spillway weir wear, and riverbed scour. This system can be applied to practical scenarios where disaster prevention and monitoring is required.
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