| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 昆蟲學系所 === 107 === Tiger beetles were described mainly based on morphological characters, especially labral shape, labral setae, elytral maculation, and male genitalia. However, the varied elytral maculation and coloration of tiger beetles would lead to misjudgments in species identification and classification. In Taiwan, there are 10 described Cylindera species and subspecies. Among them, each Cyl. sauteri and Cyl. pseudocylindriformis exhibit two recognizable morphoforms, which represents the possibility of undescribed species. Moreover, subspecies is generally determined by allopatric and morphologically distinct populations; therefore, co-occurrence of two subspecies of each Cyl. kaleea (Cyl. kal. kaleea and Cyl. kal. angulimaculata) and Cyl. elisae (Cyl. eli. reductelineata and Cyl. eli. formosana) within Taiwan Island would be an appealing issue for taxonomy and phylogeography. Molecular evidence has been helpful for systematic work in tiger beetles. In this study, two mitochondrial genes COI and 16S rDNA and one nuclear 28S rDNA in addition to morphological illustration were used to address above issues. Based on the phylogenetic and morphological analyses, two new species, Cylindera ooa sp. n. and Cylindera autumnalis sp. n., which are morphologically similar to Cyl. sauteri and Cyl. pseudocylindriformis, respectively, were recognized and described. For Taiwanese Cyl. kaleea, two genetic lineages co-exist in the same locality but could not reflect the morphologically defined subspecies. Therefore, Cyl. kal. angulimaculata should be the junior synonym of the nominotypical subspecies. For Cyl. eli. reductelineata, it is genetically distinct from other Cyl. elisae subspecies and has different aedeagus from Cyl. eli. formosana. Therefore, Cyl. eli. reductelineata should be elevated as a full species. Moreover, as addressing the questionable taxonomic issues that sufficient analyzed samples and providing molecular systematics accompanied are very important
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