Cultural Orientation and Acculturation: An Exploration of Measures of Cultural Orientation and Interplay of Factors Involved in Cross-Cultural Adjustment of Swazi Sojourners in Taiwan

• Main Authors: Nothando Sithulile Nkambule, 何安朵
• Other Authors: Jeng-Ren Duann
• Format: Others
• Language: en_US
• Published: 2018
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7f3rf4

碩士 === 國立中央大學 === 認知與神經科學研究所 === 107 === Recent findings suggest that cultural constructs are not only multidimensional but are also dynamic. Despite these findings, there is still scant attention being paid to updating our current apprehension and assessment of cultural concepts. This study sought to investigate the conceptualization and assessment of two cultural constructs, namely cultural orientation and acculturation. Using a multidimensional approach, study 1 examined the convergence validity first between two cultural orientation explicit measures (self-report and scenario scale) and then between those two explicit measures and an implicit measure (IC-IAT). We also investigated whether the differences in the level of endorsement of individualism and collectivism detected by the IC-IAT were reflected at the neural level. Study 2 examined the relationship among various acculturation factors and used the dynamic constructivist approach to investigate whether the cultural orientation of Sojourners changes as a function of the host or heritage culture icons priming. While the self-report scale showed that participants were collectivists, the scenario scale and IC-IAT reflected that the participants endorsed more individualist values than collectivist values. Unfortunately, this difference was not reflected on the neural level. The discrepancies in self-reporting scales, scenario scales, and IC-IAT results can be explained using two models. Among the acculturation factors, demographic and personal characteristics were predictors of acculturation style and outcomes. Avoidant coping strategy explained the relationship between cultural adaptation stress, perceived stress, physical stress symptoms and conscientiousness. However, changes in cultural orientation of Sojourners as a function of the host or heritage culture icons priming were not significantly different. Our results contribute to literature by extending the scope of the current research to include understudied population.