| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中山大學 === 材料與光電科學學系研究所 === 107 === In this study, the waterborne polyurethane (WPU) was added to the addition-type flame retardant and the reaction-type flame retardant to study their flame retardant effect. Addition-type flame retardants use melamine and clay treated through different intercalations. In the case of melamine, gases such as CO_2, NO_2, N_2, NH_3, H_2 O, etc. are released by heating, which can dilute the combustible gas around the material, insulate the material from contact with oxygen, and prevent combustion. The melamine, melamine salt, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTMAB) quaternary ammonium salt. In the intercalation, two different solvents, DI water and ethanol, were used as intercating agents. Among them, CTMAB can transform clay into organic clay. X-ray diffraction analysis their (001) diffraction peak, compared to pure clay, shows that intercalants have entered the clay interlayers and successfully enlarged the distance between the interlayers. Among them, solvent ethanol and melamine intercalated organic clay, can effectively insert more melamine into the clay interlayers. And the Full width at half maximum is larger, the crystallinity is lower, and the dispersibility and contact area of the clay to the WPU are improved. The reaction-type flame retardant uses a flame retardant containing two aziridine functional groups to crosslink with WPU to form a network structure, which enhances the flame retardant effect of WPU.
The results of LOI and UL-94 vertical flame test show that, adding clay treated by different intercalation, adding melamine and clay treated through different intercalation, and adding reactive flame retardant can improve the flame retardant effect of WPU, indicating the successful preparation of flame retardant WPU. However, adding clay treated through different intercalations and reaction-type flame retardants cannot improve the flame retardant effect of WPU.
Adding clay processed through different intercalations, the addition of melamine intercalated organic clay, the solvent used ethanol has the best flame retardant effect, the LOI value is increased from 26% to 31%, and the UL-94 vertical combustion can reach V-0.
At the same time, adding melamine and clay processed through different intercalations, the addition of melamine and organic clay using ethanol as solvent and melamine intercalation is the best, the LOI value is increased from 26% to 32%, and the UL-94 vertical combustion can reach V-0.
At the same time, adding clay processed through different intercalations and reaction-type flame retardant can not improve the flame retardant effect of WPU, the LOI is only 26% ~ 27%, and the UL-94 vertical combustion is V-2. But if only adding reaction-type flame retardants, the LOI value can be increased from 26% to 31%, and the UL-94 vertical burning is up to the V-0.
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