| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣科技大學 === 材料科學與工程系 === 107 === Energy from the sun is plentifully available in Taiwan due to its geographical location, which covers two climates: tropical in the south region and subtropical in the north region. This condition denotes that Taiwan has strong potential to develop solar energy technology such as Photovoltaic (PV). This study develops three theoretical models, including PV, Photovoltaic-Thermal (PV/T) water, and PV/T air collector, according to the concept of the energy balance equation. We use environmental parameters, including solar radiation, wind speed, and ambient temperature, as inputs of our modeling, resulting in both electrical and thermal energy performances. Experimental verification under the three conditions of sunny, cloudy, and overcast combined with published scientific literature helps validate and shows good agreement with an error value below 5% and a very good correlation coefficient in the range of 0.96-0.99 (very close to 1). Our models predict that the total energy efficiency of the three models is 47.35, 61.72, and 71.10% for PV, PV/T water, and PV/T air collector, respectively. After verification, this study then selects three cities, Taipei, Taichung, and Kaohsiung, as representative of the country’s north, central, and south regions, and then analyzes monthly and annual performance comparisons. Our findings predict the total annual energy output in Taipei for PV, PV/T water, and PV/T air collector is 486.72, 849.37, and 1122.44 kWh/year, respectively; the total annual energy output in Taichung for PV, PV/T water, and PV/T air collector is 600.67, 1166.90, and 1548.80 kWh/year, respectively; and the total annual energy output in Kaohsiung for PV, PV/T water, and PV/T air collector is 637.06, 1143.50, and 1523.10 kWh/year, respectively. Finally, we present an economic analysis to justify the best-proposed models according to the energy output in the selected cities. Findings show that both PV/T water and PV/T air collector have a higher economic benefit than conventional PV. In the future, this result can be taken as a valuable reference for users who want to install PV and PV/T systems or related processes when considering a solar energy strategy and to accelerate the development of PV/T technology in the renewable energy market.
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