The use of a satellite-derived cloud climatology for studying cloud-aerosol processes and the performance of regional cloud climate simulations

• Main Author: Karlsson, Karl-Göran
• Format: Doctoral Thesis
• Language: English
• Published: Stockholms universitet, Meteorologiska institutionen (MISU) 2006
• Subjects: Clouds and climate; satellite cloud climatology; validation of clouds; clouds and aerosols; Meteorology; Meteorologi
• Online Access: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1364; http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:isbn:91-7155-353-3

The entry of satellite-derived decadal cloud datasets with homogeneous coverage in time and space enables studies not possible before. This thesis presents two such applications. The first study deals with cloud-aerosol processes and the second with an evaluation of cloud simulations from a regional climate model. The first part of the thesis describes the used satellite-derived dataset based on imagery from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) on the polar orbiting NOAA satellites. A method for cloud retrieval and the compilation of a 1991-2000 Scandinavian cloud climatology are described. The second part reveals an intriguing anti-correlation between monthly mean satellite-derived cloudiness and the concentration of the cosmogenetic isotope Beryllium-7 in near-surface aerosol samples for three measurement sites in Sweden. Large-scale transport processes are suggested as the most likely physical mechanism for this behaviour but more complex relations to cloud microphysical processes are not ruled out. The final part presents a thorough evaluation of cloud simulations of the SMHI Rossby Centre regional atmospheric model (RCA3). Several model-to-satellite adaptations are applied to avoid artificial biases of results. The study stresses the necessity to account for initial differences between observed and modelled clouds caused by satellite cloud detection limitations. Results show good agreement of modelled and observed cloud amounts while the vertical distribution of clouds appears largely different. RCA3 underestimates medium-level clouds while overestimating low- and high-level clouds. Also, the current use of the Maximum cloud overlap approach in the radiation scheme and an indicated excess of cloud condensate in modelled clouds appear to create excessive cloud optical thicknesses with serious implications for the surface radiation budget. Future applications are outlined based on greatly enhanced satellite-derived cloud and radiation budget datasets.