Characterization of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species in Recycled Irrigation Water at a Container Nursery in Southwestern Virginia
The potential of increasing disease problems through the use of recycled irrigation water in horticultural operations is a serious concern, yet basic research on waterborne plant pathogens in Virginia is lacking. In this work seasonal fluctuations and locations of Pythiaceae in a recycled water irri...
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Virginia Tech
2014
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Online Access: | http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33334 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05302002-144917/ |
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chrysanthemum quiescent infection <i>Phytophthora parasitica</i> infectivity chlorination and selective medium |
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chrysanthemum quiescent infection <i>Phytophthora parasitica</i> infectivity chlorination and selective medium Bush, Elizabeth A. Characterization of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species in Recycled Irrigation Water at a Container Nursery in Southwestern Virginia |
description |
The potential of increasing disease problems through the use of recycled irrigation water in horticultural operations is a serious concern, yet basic research on waterborne plant pathogens in Virginia is lacking. In this work seasonal fluctuations and locations of Pythiaceae in a recycled water irrigation system at a container nursery were determined. <i>Pythium</i> spp. were recovered more frequently and in greater numbers than <i>Phytophthora</i> spp. Species of <i>Phytophthora</i> recovered in filtering assays were identified as <i>P. capsici, P. citricola, P. citrophthora, P. cryptogea, P. drechsleri,</i> and <i>P. nicotianae. P. cryptogea</i> and <i>P. drechsleri</i> were the only <i>Phytophthora</i> spp. recovered from baits placed on the surface of the irrigation reservoir, whereas a greater diversity of species was recovered from baits placed at depths. Hymexazol-amended medium was found to have limitations in recovery of <i>Phytophthora</i> spp. In pathogenicity tests, <i>P. cactorum, P. capsici, P. citrophthora,</i> and <i>P. nicotianae</i> caused significant mortality of <i>Salvia officinalis</i> and <i>P. cactorum</i> showed limited pathogenicity on <i>Gerbera jamesonii</i>. Asymptomatic (aboveground) plants were found to harbor inoculum long after <i>Phytophthora</i>-inoculation. Fresh weight analyses of roots and shoots of asymptomatic plants demonstrated that <i>Phytophthora</i> inoculation may either reduce or stimulate plant shoot growth, but little effect is apparent on roots. Irrigation with naturally infested irrigation water reduced plant growth. This research provides data for prioritizing development of detection technology and management practices for plant pathogens in irrigation water. The results may also lead to improvements in conventional water assay protocols for plant pathogens. === Master of Science |
author2 |
Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science |
author_facet |
Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science Bush, Elizabeth A. |
author |
Bush, Elizabeth A. |
author_sort |
Bush, Elizabeth A. |
title |
Characterization of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species in Recycled Irrigation Water at a Container Nursery in Southwestern Virginia |
title_short |
Characterization of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species in Recycled Irrigation Water at a Container Nursery in Southwestern Virginia |
title_full |
Characterization of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species in Recycled Irrigation Water at a Container Nursery in Southwestern Virginia |
title_fullStr |
Characterization of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species in Recycled Irrigation Water at a Container Nursery in Southwestern Virginia |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterization of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species in Recycled Irrigation Water at a Container Nursery in Southwestern Virginia |
title_sort |
characterization of <i>phytophthora</i> species in recycled irrigation water at a container nursery in southwestern virginia |
publisher |
Virginia Tech |
publishDate |
2014 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33334 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05302002-144917/ |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT bushelizabetha characterizationofiphytophthoraispeciesinrecycledirrigationwateratacontainernurseryinsouthwesternvirginia |
_version_ |
1723963979227725824 |
spelling |
ndltd-VTETD-oai-vtechworks.lib.vt.edu-10919-333342021-12-10T05:57:28Z Characterization of <i>Phytophthora</i> Species in Recycled Irrigation Water at a Container Nursery in Southwestern Virginia Bush, Elizabeth A. Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science Baudoin, Antonius B. Hansen, Mary Ann Hong, Chuanxue Stromberg, Erik L. chrysanthemum quiescent infection <i>Phytophthora parasitica</i> infectivity chlorination and selective medium The potential of increasing disease problems through the use of recycled irrigation water in horticultural operations is a serious concern, yet basic research on waterborne plant pathogens in Virginia is lacking. In this work seasonal fluctuations and locations of Pythiaceae in a recycled water irrigation system at a container nursery were determined. <i>Pythium</i> spp. were recovered more frequently and in greater numbers than <i>Phytophthora</i> spp. Species of <i>Phytophthora</i> recovered in filtering assays were identified as <i>P. capsici, P. citricola, P. citrophthora, P. cryptogea, P. drechsleri,</i> and <i>P. nicotianae. P. cryptogea</i> and <i>P. drechsleri</i> were the only <i>Phytophthora</i> spp. recovered from baits placed on the surface of the irrigation reservoir, whereas a greater diversity of species was recovered from baits placed at depths. Hymexazol-amended medium was found to have limitations in recovery of <i>Phytophthora</i> spp. In pathogenicity tests, <i>P. cactorum, P. capsici, P. citrophthora,</i> and <i>P. nicotianae</i> caused significant mortality of <i>Salvia officinalis</i> and <i>P. cactorum</i> showed limited pathogenicity on <i>Gerbera jamesonii</i>. Asymptomatic (aboveground) plants were found to harbor inoculum long after <i>Phytophthora</i>-inoculation. Fresh weight analyses of roots and shoots of asymptomatic plants demonstrated that <i>Phytophthora</i> inoculation may either reduce or stimulate plant shoot growth, but little effect is apparent on roots. Irrigation with naturally infested irrigation water reduced plant growth. This research provides data for prioritizing development of detection technology and management practices for plant pathogens in irrigation water. The results may also lead to improvements in conventional water assay protocols for plant pathogens. Master of Science 2014-03-14T20:39:00Z 2014-03-14T20:39:00Z 2002-05-03 2002-05-30 2003-06-27 2002-06-27 Thesis etd-05302002-144917 http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33334 http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05302002-144917/ 04_chapter_3.pdf 42_fig34.pdf 47_fig39.pdf 56_appen3.pdf 44_fig36.pdf 03_chapter_2.pdf 59_appen6.pdf 02_chapter_1.pdf 46_fig38.pdf 51_fig43.pdf 45_fig37.pdf 43_fig35.pdf 52_fig44.pdf 60_appen7.pdf 54_appen1.pdf 61_appen8.pdf 50_fig42.pdf 49_fig41.pdf 57_appen4.pdf 55_appen2.pdf 48_fig40.pdf 58_appen5.pdf 40_fig32.pdf 05_general_discussion.pdf 41_fig33.pdf 39_fig31.pdf 38_fig30.pdf 37_fig29.pdf 36_fig28.pdf 35_fig27.pdf 34_fig26.pdf 33_fig25.pdf 32_fig24.pdf 31_fig23.pdf 30_fig22.pdf 29_fig21.pdf 28_fig20.pdf 27_fig19.pdf 23_fig15.pdf 25_fig17.pdf 21_fig13.pdf 20_fig12.pdf 11_fig3.pdf 26_fig18.pdf 24_fig16.pdf 22_fig14.pdf 15_fig7.pdf 13_fig5.pdf 17_fig9.pdf 10_fig2.pdf 12_fig4.pdf 14_fig6.pdf 16_fig8.pdf 18_fig10.pdf 19_fig11.pdf 08_table_2.pdf 09_fig1.pdf 07_table_1.pdf 06_vita.pdf 01_front_matter.pdf 53_fig45.pdf In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf application/pdf Virginia Tech |