The Evolution of the Galapagos Mantle Plume: From Large Igneous Province to Ocean Island Basalt

The Evolution of the Galapagos Mantle Plume: From Large Igneous Province to Ocean Island Basalt

Mantle plumes are anomalously hot, narrow upwellings of mantle material that originate at the core-mantle boundary. As plumes rise they may form volumetrically large "heads" (~1000 km in diameter) with narrower (~100 km) "tails." Plume head melting is thought to form Large Igneou...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Trela, Jarek
Other Authors: Geosciences
Format: Others
Published: Virginia Tech 2017
Subjects:
Geology
Geochemistry
mantle plumes
olivine
thermometry
petrology
hotspots
isotopes
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77438
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spelling ndltd-VTETD-oai-vtechworks.lib.vt.edu-10919-774382021-11-10T05:45:41Z The Evolution of the Galapagos Mantle Plume: From Large Igneous Province to Ocean Island Basalt Trela, Jarek Geosciences Gazel, Esteban Caddick, Mark J. Herzberg, Claude T. Zhou, Ying Geology Geochemistry mantle plumes olivine thermometry petrology hotspots isotopes Mantle plumes are anomalously hot, narrow upwellings of mantle material that originate at the core-mantle boundary. As plumes rise they may form volumetrically large "heads" (~1000 km in diameter) with narrower (~100 km) "tails." Plume head melting is thought to form Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs), vast outpourings of basaltic lava (~106 km3), while plume tail melting forms linear chains of ocean island basalts (OIBs) similar the Emperor-Hawaii Seamount chain. Mantle plume derived melts indicate that these structures sample deep Earth geochemical and lithological heterogeneities. Studying plume-derived lavas can clarify important planetary-scale questions relating to the accretion of the Earth, primordial geochemical reservoirs, the fate of subducted materials, planetary differentiation, and convective mixing. Ph. D. 2017-04-22T08:00:48Z 2017-04-22T08:00:48Z 2017-04-21 Dissertation vt_gsexam:10029 http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77438 In Copyright http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ ETD application/pdf Virginia Tech
collection NDLTD
format Others
sources NDLTD
topic Geology
Geochemistry
mantle plumes
olivine
thermometry
petrology
hotspots
isotopes
spellingShingle Geology
Geochemistry
mantle plumes
olivine
thermometry
petrology
hotspots
isotopes
Trela, Jarek
The Evolution of the Galapagos Mantle Plume: From Large Igneous Province to Ocean Island Basalt
description Mantle plumes are anomalously hot, narrow upwellings of mantle material that originate at the core-mantle boundary. As plumes rise they may form volumetrically large "heads" (~1000 km in diameter) with narrower (~100 km) "tails." Plume head melting is thought to form Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs), vast outpourings of basaltic lava (~106 km3), while plume tail melting forms linear chains of ocean island basalts (OIBs) similar the Emperor-Hawaii Seamount chain. Mantle plume derived melts indicate that these structures sample deep Earth geochemical and lithological heterogeneities. Studying plume-derived lavas can clarify important planetary-scale questions relating to the accretion of the Earth, primordial geochemical reservoirs, the fate of subducted materials, planetary differentiation, and convective mixing. === Ph. D.
author2 Geosciences
author_facet Geosciences
Trela, Jarek
author Trela, Jarek
author_sort Trela, Jarek
title The Evolution of the Galapagos Mantle Plume: From Large Igneous Province to Ocean Island Basalt
title_short The Evolution of the Galapagos Mantle Plume: From Large Igneous Province to Ocean Island Basalt
title_full The Evolution of the Galapagos Mantle Plume: From Large Igneous Province to Ocean Island Basalt
title_fullStr The Evolution of the Galapagos Mantle Plume: From Large Igneous Province to Ocean Island Basalt
title_full_unstemmed The Evolution of the Galapagos Mantle Plume: From Large Igneous Province to Ocean Island Basalt
title_sort evolution of the galapagos mantle plume: from large igneous province to ocean island basalt
publisher Virginia Tech
publishDate 2017
url http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77438
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