| Summary: | Text in Afrikaans with summaries in Afrikaans and English === A pastoral Gestalt therapeutic intervention model was developed, implemented and
evaluated in the research to facilitate the therapeutic process from guilt and shame to
forgiveness. Guilt and shame can be traumatic self-conscious experiences which has
an impact on abused late adolescent's physical, psychological, social, emotional, moral
and religious development. It can determine the adolescent's behavior, their views of
themselves and their interpersonal relationships. Guilt and shame arouses feelings of
helplessness, anger, blame, bitterness and the need for retaliation, while forgiveness
can relieve these impulses effectively and be utilized as a source for a recovering
experience.
In designing the intervention model, the researcher studied adolescents' emotional
experience, behaviour and management of guilt, shame and forgiveness from a
pastoral base theory within the Gestalt therapeutic perspective. The formation of the
paradigm is based on a multidisciplinary approach which takes place on the interface
between pastoral counselling and Gestalt therapy without the unique content and
character of pastoral care or the Gestalt therapy being lost. By utilizing the intervention
model abused late adolescents are assisted with the necessary awareness to focus on
what is on their foreground in order to reach self-regulation of their emotional
experience. The intervention model was developed as a prototype intervention based
on Enright's forgiveness process model and components of both the pastoral base
theory and the Gestalt therapeutic process of the Schoeman working model.
The research was performed by using a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach. The
qualitative approach entails the use of applied intervention in intervention research
while the quantitative approach consists of measuring the respondents' experiences of
guilt, shame and forgiveness, using three standardized rating scales before and after
intervention. The researcher applied the intervention research design in a multiple
case study with five respondents and a single-system design was incorporated into the
intervention research. The measurement of respondents' experiences of guilt, shame
and forgiveness after intervention, determined whether the changes took effect,
attributable to their participation in the intervention. Following the research findings the
conclusion was made that the pastoral Gestalt therapeutic intervention model can be
used effectively to guide abused late adolescents who experience guilt and shame, to
forgiveness. === In die navorsing is 'n pastorale Gestaltterapeutiese intervensiemodel ontwikkel,
geimplementeer en geevalueer om die terapeutiese proses van skuld en skaamte na
vergifnis te fasiliteer. Skuld en skaamte kan traumatiese selfbewuste ervaringe wees
wat mishandelde laat-adolessente se fisieke, psigiese, sosiale, emosionele, morele en
religieuse ontwikkeling beinvloed. Dit kan bepalend vir die adolessente se gedrag
wees, asook hul siening van hulself en hul interpersoonlike verhoudinge. Skuld en
skaamte wek gevoelens van magteloosheid, woede, blaam, bitterheid en die behoefte
na vergelding, terwyl vergifnis hierdie impulse kan verlig en effektief benut kan word as
'n bron van die herstelervaring.
In die antwerp van die intervensiemodel het die navorser die adolessente se
emosionele ervaring, gedrag en hantering van skuld, skaamte en vergifnis vanuit 'n
pastorale basisteorie binne die Gestaltterapeutiese perspektief bestudeer. Die vorming
van die paradigma is geskoei op 'n multidissiplinere benadering wat op die tussenvlak
tussen pastoraat en Gestaltterapie plaasvind, sander om die eiesoortige inhoud en
karakter van die pastoraat of die Gestaltterapie verlore te laat gaan. Deur benutting
van die intervensiemodel is mishandelde laat-adolessente begelei om met die nodige
bewustheid te fokus op dit wat op hul voorgrond is ten einde selfregulering van hul
emosionele belewenis te bereik. Die intervensiemodel is ontwikkel as 'n prototipe
intervensie deur Enright se vergifnis prosesmodel en komponente van sowel die
pastorale basisteorie as die Gestaltterapeutiese proses van die Schoeman-werkmodel
te gebruik.
Die navorsing is vanuit die gemengde kwalitatiewe-kwantitatiewe benadering
onderneem. Die kwalitatiewe benadering het die gebruik van toegepaste intervensie in
'n intervensienavorsingsmodel behels en die kwantitatiewe benadering die meting van
die respondente se ervaring van skuld, skaamte en vergifnis, met behulp van drie
gestandaardiseerde metingskale, voor en na intervensie. Die navorser het die
intervensienavorsingontwerp in 'n meervoudige gevallestudie met vyf respondente
toegepas en 'n enkelsisteemontwerp in die intervensienavorsing gei"nkorporeer. Die
meting van die respondente se ervaring van skuld, skaamte en vergifnis na intervensie,
het bepaal of die veranderinge wat ingetree het, toegeskryf kan word aan hul deelname
aan die intervensieprogram. Na aanleiding van die navorsingsresultate is die
gevolgtrekking gemaak dat die pastorale Gestaltterapeutiese intervensiemodel effektief
gebruik kan word om mishandelde laat-adolessente wat skuld en skaamte ervaar, na vergifnis te begelei. === Social Work === D.Diac. (Play Therapy)
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