| Summary: | Charles- Ferdinand University was split intu Czech and German universities in 1882. From then both parts were developing independently. Astronomical Institute of the German University was directed by eminent selenograph Ladislaus Weinek (from 1883 to 1913), Adalbert Prey (1918- 1930), Einstein's friend and the first director of the Einstein Institute in Potsdam Erwin Finlay Freundlich (1936 -1938) and Werner Schaub (1939 -1945). The German University was shut down in 1945. The Czech Astronomical Institute was found in 1887 by August Seydler. After Seydler's death the Institute was assumed by Gustav Gruss in 1892. From 1919 do 1943 Vladimir V. Heinrich was the head of the Institute, in 1953 -1967 it was Josef M. Mohr and 1970 1990 Vladimír Vanýsek. The direstors of the State Observatory, that became an independent state research institute after 1918, were František Nušl in 1920 -1938, Otto Seydl in 1938 -1948 and František Link in 1948- 1952. The State Observatory, including Ondřejov Observatory, became the Astronomical Institute of Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic.
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