| Summary: | The colorectal cancer is one of the most common tumour diseases of all. If diagnosed at early stage, there is a reasonable chance for at least five-year survival. Common methods for screening and diagnosis are relatively simple and also quite successive, however (still) not perfect - for proper diagnosis an invasive procedure is necessary. In general there is a significant effort to make the procedures of screening and diagnosis more comfortable for patients as well (to make them) more precise - which means that there is great chance for employing methods of molecular genetics and biology including biochip methods. The purpose of this final-year thesis was to test the possibility of the optimization of this biochip method, originally developed by the manufacturer for ~ 6 ~ testing DNA extracted from faeces, for samples of genomic DNA extracted from white blood cells with the objective to detect possible mutations in four genes of the interest (K-ras, BRAF, TP53 and APC) with a strong relation to this cancer. The evaluation of samples was made on a biochip analyzer Evidence Investigator TM. In the final -year thesis is a summary of theoretical evidence in biological, clinical and also technical side of this affair. The biochip method is described together with an example of the actual procedure, presentation...
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