Latin American Consensus on management of residual cardiometabolic risk. A consensus paper prepared by the Latin American Academy for the Study of Lipids and Cardiometabolic Risk (ALALIP) endorsed by the Inter-American Society of Cardiology (IASC), the International Atherosclerosis Society (IAS), and the Pan-American College of Endothelium (PACE)

• Main Authors: Amaro, A.J.J (Author), Badimon, J.J (Author), Berrospi, P. (Author), Bryce, A. (Author), Cobos S., L. (Author), Duran, M. (Author), Gomez-Mancebo, J.R (Author), González, J.J.R (Author), Lanas, F. (Author), Lara, J. (Author), Libby, P. (Author), López-Jaramillo, P. (Author), Lorenzatti, A. (Author), Lozada, A.F (Author), Medina-Palomino, F.A (Author), Miranda, D. (Author), Piskorz, D. (Author), Ponte-Negretti, C.I (Author), Puente-Barragan, A. (Author), Rodrigo, A.K (Author), Santos, R.D (Author), Toth, P.P (Author), Ullauri-Solórzano, V.E (Author), Urina-Triana, M. (Author), Valdés, T.O (Author), Villar, R. (Author), Wyss, F.S (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia Ignazio Chavez 2022
• Subjects: abdominal obesity; acetylsalicylic acid; anticoagulant agent; antilipemic agent; anxiety; aortic stenosis; apolipoprotein B; Article; atherosclerosis; Atherosclerosis; Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; body weight loss; brain hemorrhage; canagliflozin; cardiology; Cardiology; cardiometabolic risk; cardiometabolic risk factor; Cardiometabolic risk factors; cardiovascular risk; Cardiovascular risk; chemical structure; cholesterol; clopidogrel; cognitive defect; colchicine; consensus; Consensus; coronary artery atherosclerosis; coronary artery disease; cost benefit analysis; cost effectiveness analysis; dapagliflozin; Delphi study; dual antiplatelet therapy; dulaglutide; dyslipidemia; empagliflozin; endothelium; Endothelium; evolocumab; exendin 4; exercise; ezetimibe; ezetimibe plus simvastatin; fenofibrate; gemfibrozil; glucagon like peptide 1; glucose blood level; glucose metabolism; glycemic control; health care cost; heart muscle revascularization; hematocrit; hemoglobin A1c; high density lipoprotein cholesterol; human; Humans; hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor; hypercholesterolemia; hyperglycemia; inflammation; Inflammation; insulin treatment; Inter American Society of Cardiology; International Atherosclerosis Society; Latin America; lifestyle modification; lipid; Lipids; low density lipoprotein; maximum tolerated dose; medical society; medication compliance; metformin; monotherapy; mortality; nutrition; obesity; omega 3 fatty acid; Pan American College of Endothelium; personalized medicine; practice guideline; prasugrel; prescription; proprotein convertase 9; public health; public health problem; Residual risk; risk factor; risk reduction; rivaroxaban; secondary prevention; semaglutide; social determinants of health; sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor; South and Central America; Thrombosis; triacylglycerol; United States
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher

 Background: Hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, overweight, obesity, and tobacco (smoking, chewing, and vaping), together with a pro-inflammatory and procoagulant state, are the main risk factors related to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Objective and methods: A group of experts from the Americas, based on their clinical expertise in cardiology, cardiovascular prevention, and cardiometabolic (CM) diseases, joined together to develop these practical recommendations for the optimal evaluation and treatment of residual CM risk factors in Latin America, using a modified Delphi methodology (details in electronic TSI) to generate a comprehensive CM risk reduction guideline, and through personalized medicine and patient-centered decision, considering the cost-benefit ratio The process was well defined to avoid conflicts of interest that could bias the discussion and recommendations. Results: Residual risk reduction should consider therapeutic options adapted to specific patient needs, based on five treatment objectives: triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, inflammation, impaired glucose metabolism, high blood pressure, and prothrombotic status. Comprehensive control of all CM risk factors should be a priority to deal with this important public health problem and prevent premature deaths. The recommendations in this paper address the evidence-based treatment of CM risk and are intended for clinical application in Latin American countries. © 2022, Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia Ignazio Chavez. All rights reserved.