Potential Therapeutic Target Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase-1B for Modulation of Insulin Resistance with Polyphenols and Its Quantitative Structure–Activity Relationship

• Main Authors: Alkhanani, M.F (Author), Chauhan, A. (Author), Dhama, K. (Author), Ghosh, A. (Author), Gurnani, M. (Author), Habeeballah, H. (Author), Haque, S. (Author), Jindal, T. (Author), Ranjan, A. (Author), Rath, P. (Author), Tuli, H.S (Author), Verma, N.K (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI 2022
• Subjects: catalytic active site; chemistry; diabetes; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; docking; enzyme inhibitor; Enzyme Inhibitors; human; Humans; insulin resistance; Insulin Resistance; molecular docking; Molecular Docking Simulation; molecular dynamic simulation; non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus; polyphenol; polyphenols; Polyphenols; protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; QSAR; quantitative structure activity relation; Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship; structure activity relation; Structure-Activity Relationship
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher

 The increase in the number of cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the complications associated with the side effects of chemical/synthetic drugs have raised concerns about the safety of the drugs. Hence, there is an urgent need to explore and identify natural bioactive compounds as alternative drugs. Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) functions as a negative regulator and is therefore considered as one of the key protein targets modulating insulin signaling and insulin resistance. This article deals with the screening of a database of polyphenols against PTP1B activity for the identification of a potential inhibitor. The research plan had two clear objectives. Under first objective, we conducted a quantitative structure–activity relationship analysis of flavonoids with PTP1B that revealed the strongest correlation (R2 = 93.25%) between the number of aromatic bonds (naro) and inhibitory concentrations (IC50 ) of PTP1B. The second objective emphasized the binding potential of the selected polyphenols against the activity of PTP1B using molecular docking, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation and free energy estimation. Among all the polyphenols, silydianin, a flavonolignan, was identified as a lead compound that possesses drug-likeness properties, has a higher negative binding energy of −7.235 kcal/mol and a pKd value of 5.2. The free energy-based binding affinity (∆G) was estimated to be −7.02 kcal/mol. MD simulation revealed the stability of interacting residues (Gly183, Arg221, Thr263 and Asp265). The results demonstrated that the identified polyphenol, silydianin, could act as a promising natural PTP1B inhibitor that can modulate the insulin resistance. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.