An evaluation of novel real-time technology as a tool for measurement of radiobiological and radiation-induced bystander effects

• Main Authors: Crosbie, J.C (Author), Ibahim, M.J (Author), Paiva, P. (Author), Rogers, P.A.W (Author), Yang, Y. (Author), Zaitseva, M. (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Springer New York LLC 2016
• Subjects: animal; Animals; Assays; Biological radiation effects; bystander effect; Bystander Effect; Bystander effects; Cell culture; Cell Line, Tumor; cell proliferation; Cell proliferation; Cell Proliferation; cell survival; Cell Survival; Cells; Clonogenic assay; Clonogenic assays; Clonogenic survival; conditioned medium; Culture Media, Conditioned; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; evaluation study; human; Humans; Mice; mouse; procedures; Radiation damage; radiation response; Radiation-induced bystander effects; Radiobiological effects; Radiobiological study; radiobiology; Radiobiology; Radiotherapy; reproducibility; Reproducibility of Results; Statistically significant difference; time factor; Time Factors; tumor cell line; xCELLigence RT-CIS
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher; View in Scopus
• ISBN: 0301634X (ISSN)
• ISSN: 0301634X (ISSN)
• DOI: 10.1007/s00411-016-0641-x

The xCELLigence real-time cell impedance system uses a non-invasive and label-free method to create a cell index that is a composite measure of cell proliferation. The aim of this study was to evaluate xCELLigence against clonogenic assay (gold standard) for measuring radiobiological effects and radiation-induced bystander effects (RIBE). A radiobiological study was conducted by irradiating EMT6.5, 4T1.2 and NMUMG cell lines with different radiation doses, while a RIBE study was done using transfer of conditioned media (CM) harvested from donor to the same type of recipient cell (EMT6.5, 4T1.2, NMUMG, HACAT and SW48). CM was harvested using two protocols which differed in the dose chosen and the exposure to the recipient cells. Results showed that xCELLigence measured a radiobiological effect which correlated with the clonogenic assay. For the RIBE study, no statistically significant differences were observed between xCELLigence or clonogenic survival in control or recipient cells incubated with CM in protocol one. However, there was a significant increase in cell index slope using CM from EMT-6.5 cells irradiated at 7.5 Gy compared with the control group under the second protocol. No other evidence of RIBE was detected by either xCELLigence or clonogenic assay. In conclusion, xCELLigence methods can measure radiobiological effects and the results correlate with clonogenic assay. We observed a lack of RIBE in all tested cell lines with the clonogenic assay; however, we observed a RIBE effect in EMT6.5 cells under one particular protocol that showed RIBE is cell type dependent, is not universally observed and can be detected in different assays. © 2016, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.