Anti-infective activities of 11 plants species used in traditional medicine in Malaysia

• Main Authors: Aminudin, N. (Author), Butler, M.S (Author), Hazra, B. (Author), Hossan, M.S (Author), Ismail, N.H (Author), Jin, K.T (Author), Jindal, H.M (Author), Mahboob, T. (Author), Mohd Abd Razak, M.R (Author), Nissapatorn, V. (Author), Nor Azman, N.S (Author), Pandey, R.K (Author), Prajapati, V.K (Author), Prommana, P. (Author), Rahmatullah, M. (Author), Raju, C.S (Author), Shaari, K. (Author), Uthaipibull, C. (Author), Wiart, C. (Author), Zarubaev, V.V (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Academic Press Inc. 2018
• Subjects: Amomum subulatum; Amomum subulatum extract; Antibacterial; antibacterial activity; antiinfective agent; Anti-Infective Agents; Antileishmanial; antileishmanial activity; Antimalarial; antimicrobial activity; antiplasmodial activity; Antiviral; antiviral activity; Apocynaceae; Article; beta amyrin; cefotaxime; cell line; Cell Line; chemistry; Chilocarpus costatus; Chilocarpus costatus extract; chloroform; chloroquine; chloroquine resistant Plasmodium falciparum K1; controlled study; Coxsackievirus B3; Curcuma aeruginosa; Curcuma aeruginosa extract; dihydroartemisinin; drug cytotoxicity; drug effect; drug potentiation; Drug Synergism; Embelia ribes; Embelia ribes extract; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterovirus B; Enterovirus B, Human; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; epigallocatechin; Eryngium foetidum; Eryngium foetidum extract; Escherichia coli; ethnopharmacology; Ethnopharmacology; ferrudiol; fractional inhibitory concentration index; fruit; furan derivative; furanodienone; Furans; Garcinia atroviridis; Garcinia atroviridis extract; Gram negative bacterium; Gram positive bacterium; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; high performance liquid chromatography; human; human cell; IC50; Influenza A virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/1934(H1N1)); Influenza A virus (H1N1); Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; Inhibitory Concentration 50; isolation and purification; Klebsiella pneumoniae; Leishmania donovani; leuconolam; Leuconotis eugenifolius; Leuconotis eugenifolius extract; lignan; Lignans; Malaysia; medicinal plant; Medicinal plants; Medicine, East Asian Traditional; methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; miltefosine; minimum inhibitory concentration; MRC-5 cell line; MTT assay; natural product; Natural products; nonhuman; Ocimum americanum; Ocimum americanum extract; oriental medicine; pinoresinol; Piper longum; Piper longum extract; plant extract; Plant Extracts; plant leaf; plant stem; Plants, Medicinal; Plasmodium falciparum; priority journal; procedures; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; rhizome; rifampicin; sesquiterpene; Sesquiterpenes; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus epidermidis; Tabernaemontana; Tabernaemontana peduncularis; Tabernaemontana peduncularis extract; unclassified drug; Uvaria; Uvaria grandiflora; Uvaria grandiflora extract; vancomycin; vincristine; zeylenol
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 Treatment of drug resistant protozoa, bacteria, and viruses requires new drugs with alternative chemotypes. Such compounds could be found from Southeast Asian medicinal plants. The present study examines the cytotoxic, antileishmanial, and antiplasmodial effects of 11 ethnopharmacologically important plant species in Malaysia. Chloroform extracts were tested for their toxicity against MRC-5 cells and Leishmania donovani by MTT, and chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum K1 strain by Histidine-Rich Protein II ELISA assays. None of the extract tested was cytotoxic to MRC-5 cells. Extracts of Uvaria grandiflora, Chilocarpus costatus, Tabernaemontana peduncularis, and Leuconotis eugenifolius had good activities against L. donovani with IC50 < 50 μg/mL. Extracts of U. grandiflora, C. costatus, T. peduncularis, L. eugenifolius, A. subulatum, and C. aeruginosa had good activities against P. falciparum K1 with IC50 < 10 μg/mL. Pinoresinol isolated from C. costatus was inactive against L. donovani and P. falciparum. C. costatus extract and pinoresinol increased the sensitivity of Staphylococcus epidermidis to cefotaxime. Pinoresinol demonstrated moderate activity against influenza virus (IC50 = 30.4 ± 11 μg/mL) and was active against Coxsackie virus B3 (IC50 = 7.1 ± 3.0 μg/mL). β-Amyrin from L. eugenifolius inhibited L. donovani with IC50 value of 15.4 ± 0.01 μM. Furanodienone from C. aeruginosa inhibited L. donovani and P. falciparum K1 with IC50 value of 39.5 ± 0.2 and 17.0 ± 0.05 μM, respectively. Furanodienone also inhibited the replication of influenza and Coxsackie virus B3 with IC50 value of 4.0 ± 0.5 and 7.2 ± 1.4 μg/mL (Ribavirin: IC50: 15.6 ± 2.0 μg/mL), respectively. Our study provides evidence that medicinal plants in Malaysia have potentials as a source of chemotypes for the development of anti-infective leads. © 2018 Elsevier Inc.