Forced gifts: The burden of being a friend

In many developing countries, gift expenses escalate with income growth and account for a substantial share of household expenditure. We develop a theoretical model to demonstrate how (unequal) income growth may trigger “gift competition” and drive up the financial burden associated with gift exchan...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bulte, E. (Author), Wang, R. (Author), Zhang, X. (Author)
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier B.V. 2018
Subjects:
Online Access:View Fulltext in Publisher
LEADER 01311nam a2200205Ia 4500
001 10.1016-j.jebo.2018.08.011
008 220706s2018 CNT 000 0 und d
020 |a 01672681 (ISSN) 
245 1 0 |a Forced gifts: The burden of being a friend 
260 0 |b Elsevier B.V.  |c 2018 
856 |z View Fulltext in Publisher  |u https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2018.08.011 
520 3 |a In many developing countries, gift expenses escalate with income growth and account for a substantial share of household expenditure. We develop a theoretical model to demonstrate how (unequal) income growth may trigger “gift competition” and drive up the financial burden associated with gift exchange. We use unique census-type panel data from rural China to test our model predictions and demonstrate that (1) the value of gifts responds to the average gift in the community, (2) the escalation of gift giving may have adverse welfare implications (especially for the poor), and (3) escalating gift expenses crowd out expenditures on other consumption items. © 2018 
650 0 4 |a Gift Competition 
650 0 4 |a Inequality 
650 0 4 |a Reciprocity 
650 0 4 |a Subjective well-being 
700 1 |a Bulte, E.  |e author 
700 1 |a Wang, R.  |e author 
700 1 |a Zhang, X.  |e author 
773 |t Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization