| Summary: | Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the intraoperative time and operating room costs between patients with mandibular fractures treated with traditional adaptation and fixation and patients treated with preadapted plates created with on-site 3-dimensionally printed models. Patients and Methods: We designed a prospective comparative cohort study for patients with mandibular fractures. The control group received traditional open reduction and internal fixation of their mandibular fractures. For the patients in the experimental group, a 3-dimensional (3D) model of the fractured mandible was made using an on-site 3D printer. The model then underwent osteotomy, if needed, and the plate was adapted to the model, submitted to sterilization, and implanted in the patient. The primary outcome variable was intraoperative plating time, and the secondary outcome variable was operating room cost. The groups were compared by the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: The 38 patients included in the study had a mean age of 39.6 years, and male patients comprised 81.6%. The mean time for intraoperative plate adaptation was 22.8 ± 2.1 minutes in the control group and 6.9 ± 0.3 minutes in the experimental, 3D printed group (P < .0001). In the experimental group, 4 patients (21%) required a single intraoperative corrective bend. The calculated average cost per patient based on the average operating costs at our institution was
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