Antioxidant, radical-scavenging, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of methanolic extracts of some Hedyotis species

• Main Authors: Ahmad, R. (Author), Ali, A.M (Author), Ismail, N.H (Author), Israf, D.A (Author), Lajis, N.H (Author), Shaari, K. (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc. 2005
• Subjects: 1,1 diphenyl 2 picrylhydrazyl; alpha tocopherol; analytic method; animal cell; Antibacterial; antibacterial activity; antiinfective agent; Anti-inflammatory; antiinflammatory activity; antioxidant; Antioxidant; antioxidant activity; article; Bacillus subtilis; bacterial strain; bacterium mutant; bioassay; bromine derivative; cell line; controlled study; Cytotoxic; cytotoxicity; diffusion; enzyme inhibition; Hedyotis; Hedyotis capitella; Hedyotis capitellata; hedyotis capitellata extract; Hedyotis corymbosa; hedyotis corymbosa extract; Hedyotis dichotoma; hedyotis dichotoma extract; Hedyotis herbacea; hedyotis herbacea extract; Hedyotis nudicaulis; hedyotis nudicaulis extract; Hedyotis pinifolia; hedyotis pinifolia extract; Hedyotis verticillata; hedyotis verticillata extract; human; human cell; IC 50; medicinal plant; methanol; methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus; mouse; nitric oxide; nitric oxide synthase; NO inhibition; nonhuman; plant extract; plant leaf; plant root; plant stem; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Radical scavenging; scavenger; species comparison; Staphylococcus aureus; thiobarbituric acid; thiocyanic acid derivative; unclassified drug; wild type
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 The antioxidant, radical-scavenging, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of methanolic extracts of seven Hedyotisspecies were investigated. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the ferric thiocyanate (FTC) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) methods while the radical scavenging activity was measured by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. The anti-inflammatory activity related to NO inhibition of the plant extracts was measured by the Griess assay while cytotoxicity were measured by the MTT assay against CEM-SS cell line. The antibacterial bioassay (against 4 bacteria, i.e. Bacillus subtilis B28 (mutant), Bacillus subtilis B29 (wild-type), Pseudomonas aeruginosa UI 60690 and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, (MRSA) was also carried out using the disc-diffusion method. All tested extracts exhibited very strong antioxidant properties when compared to Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) with percent inhibition of 89-98% in the FTC and 60-95% in the TBA assays. In the DPPH method, H. herbacea exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 32 μg/ml. The results from the Griess assay showed that the tested extracts are weak inhibitors of NO synthase. However, all tested extracts exhibited moderate cytotoxic properties against CEM-SS cell line giving CD50 values in the range of 21-41 μg/ml. In the antibacterial bioassay, the stems and the roots of H. capitellata showed moderate activity against the 4 tested bacteria while the leaves showed moderate activity towards B. subtilis B28, MRSA and P. aeruginosa only. The roots of H. dichotoma showed strong antibacterial activity against all 4 bacteria. All other extracts did not exhibit any antibacterial activity. © 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.