The association between coeliac disease and periodontitis: Results from NHANES 2009–2012

• Main Authors: Cato, M. (Author), DeMayo, F. (Author), Demmer, R.T (Author), Green, P.H.R (Author), Helmerhorst, E.J (Author), Lebwohl, B. (Author), Spinell, T. (Author), Thai, A. (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Blackwell Munksgaard 2018
• Subjects: adult; Adult; aged; Aged; celiac disease; Celiac Disease; complication; cross-sectional Studies; Cross-Sectional Studies; cross-sectional study; Diabetes Complications; diabetic complication; digestive system and oral physiology; digestive system diseases; female; Female; human; Humans; male; Male; middle aged; Middle Aged; nutrition; Nutrition Surveys; oral health; periodontal diseases; periodontics; periodontitis; Periodontitis; risk factor; Risk Factors; smoking; Smoking; Sprue; United States; wheat hypersensitivity
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher

 Aim: To investigate whether coeliac disease (CD) was associated with periodontitis among a nationally representative sample of US adults. Materials and Methods: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009–2012 enrolled 6,661 subjects with full-mouth periodontal examination and serological testing for antitissue transglutaminase (tTg) and antiendomysial (EMA) antibodies. CD was defined as (i) self-reported physician diagnosis while on a gluten-free diet; or (ii) tTg levels >10.0 U/ml and positive EMA results. Positive serology without self-reported diagnosis was defined as undiagnosed CD (UdxCD). Periodontitis was defined according to the CDC/AAP definition. Multivariable linear and logistic models were used to regress the mean probing depth (PD) or attachment loss (AL) outcomes across CD categories (none, diagnosed and undiagnosed). Results: The prevalence of moderate/severe periodontitis and diagnosed/undiagnosed CD was 40% and 0.74%, respectively. Mean AL was lower among those with CD although results were not statistically significant (p =.67). The odds of periodontitis among individuals with diagnosed and undiagnosed CD were: 0.5(0.22, 1.16) and 0.62(0.1, 3.75), respectively. Mean PD levels among those without CD or with diagnosed or undiagnosed CD were 1.49 ± 0.02, 1.36 ± 0.11 and 1.31 ± 0.11 (p =.03). Conclusion: CD is associated with modestly lower levels of mean PD but was not associated with mean AL or periodontitis. Larger studies are necessary to enhance precision and strengthen conclusions. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd