Dental caries and their association with socioeconomic characteristics, oral hygiene practices and eating habits among preschool children in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates - the NOPLAS project

• Main Authors: Elamin, A. (Author), Gardner, A. (Author), Garemo, M. (Author)
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: BioMed Central Ltd. 2018
• Subjects: Child, Preschool; Cross-Sectional Studies; cross-sectional study; dental caries; Dental caries; Dental Caries; Dental Plaque Index; diet; Diet; DMF index; DMF Index; feeding behavior; Feeding Behavior; female; Female; High sugar intake; human; Humans; infant; Infant; Infant, Newborn; male; Male; mouth hygiene; newborn; Nurseries; Oral Hygiene; Oral hygiene practices; plaque index; preschool child; Preschool children; questionnaire; risk factor; Risk Factors; Socio cultural factors; Socioeconomic Factors; Socio-economic status; socioeconomics; statistics and numerical data; Surveys and Questionnaires; United Arab Emirates
• Online Access: View Fulltext in Publisher

 Background: Dental caries are a global public health problem and influence the overall health of children. The risk factors for caries include biological, socio-behavioral and environmental factors. This cross-sectional study assessed dental caries and their associations with socioeconomic factors, oral hygiene practices and eating habits among Emirati and non-Emirati children in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Methods: The stratified sample comprised children aged 18months to 4years recruited from 7 nurseries. The World Health Organization (WHO) decayed, missing and filled teeth index (dmft) was used to analyze the dental status of the children. Parents completed a questionnaire regarding demographics, food consumption and oral habits. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee at Zayed University, UAE (ZU15_029_F). Results: A total of 186 children with a mean age of 2.46years, of which 46.2% were Emirati, participated. Overall, 41% of the children had dental caries. The mean dmft±SD was 1.70±2.81 with a mean±SD decayed component (dt) of 1.68±2.80 and mean±SD filled component (ft) of 0.02±0.19. Emirati children showed higher mean dmft, Plaque Index and Significant Carries Index values than non-Emirati children (P<0.000). Low maternal education, rural nursery location, infrequent tooth-brushing, frequent consumption of high-sugar food items and Emirati nationality were factors significantly associated with dental caries. Conclusions: In this study, 4 out of 10 nursery children were found to have dental caries. Sociodemographic factors, dietary and oral health habits were associated with dental caries. Effective oral health interventions tailored to improve eating habits and the dental screening of children in this age group are imperative to mitigate these concerns. © 2018 The Author(s).