Concentration polarization Fouling 2 Hydrophilicity 2 Irreversible fouling 2 Membranes 2 Sustainable development 2 Alkalinity 1 Antifouling characteristics 1 Biocatalysis 1 Co2 reduction 1 Composite membranes 1 Concentration 1 Contact angle 1 Enzyme immobilization 1 Enzyme membrane reactor 1 Experimental conditions 1 Filterability 1 Filtration resistance 1 Formaldehyde 1 Fouling mechanisms 1 Fouling resistance 1 Gelatin 1 Graphene 1 Hydrophilic/hydrophobic 1 Immobilization process 1 Loading 1 Membrane fouling 1 Membrane properties 1 Membrane separation 1 Methanol 1