Cyclic loads Cracks 4 Cyclic loading 4 Stiffness 4 Damage 3 Deformation 3 Fatigue damage 3 Fracture 3 Hysteresis 3 Reinforced concrete 3 Strain 3 Binary alloys 2 Deterioration 2 Elasticity 2 Energy dissipation 2 Fatigue 2 Fatigue of materials 2 Hardening 2 Hysteretic behavior 2 Inelastic deformation 2 Isotropic hardenings 2 Kinematics 2 Low energy dissipations 2 Martensite phase transformation 2 Mechanical properties at ambient temperature 2 NiTi shape memory alloys 2 Nickel alloys 2 Permanent deformations 2 Seismic design 2 Seismic resistant design 2