Charge-generation layers 1 Conducting polymers 1 Device dependent 1 Direct charge 1 Electrode film 1 Electrodes 1 Electron injection 1 Electron transport properties 1 Electrons injection Ethylenedioxythiophenes 1 Functional layer 1 II-VI semiconductors 1 Light 1 Nanocrystals 1 Organic light emitting diodes (OLED) 1 Poly(styrene sulfonate) 1 Quantum efficiency 1 Quantum-dot light emitting diodes 1 Semiconductor quantum dots 1 Zinc oxide 1